161 
therefore, that the insect will be exterminated at this point before the 
close of the year. 
To sum up, east of the Mississippi River the San Jose scale is 
now known to occur in one rather widely extended point in Florida, at 
one point in Virginia, at three points in Maryland, at one point in Indi- 
ana, at two points in Pennsylvania, and at many in Xew Jersey. In 
Indiana and Virginia it has been exterminated. At the three points 
in Maryland the probabilities are strong that it will be exterminated 
before the close of the year. In Florida active and energetic work 
is going on, and, while Mr. Hubbard is doubtful of the possibility of 
actually exterminating the insect, it is being carefully and intelligently 
handled. There is little danger of the insect spreading to any degree 
from this point. In the two Pennsylvania localities the outlook is 
equally good, although Prof. Smith may have ascertained other facts 
of which I know nothing. With the exception of the Xeavitt orchard, 
into which the scale was introduced from Missouri, and the Florida 
orchards, into which it was introduced from some point as yet unknown, 
all the occurrences above mentioned have originated from two promi- 
nent nursery firms in the State of New Jersey. An investigation 
of the circumstances connected with the introduction of the insect 
into these two nurseries, and its subsequent distribution throughout 
the State of New Jersey, as well as to other localities (many of which, 
I imagine, are as yet unknown to us), has been in the hands of Prof. 
Smith, who informs me that the insect came to New Jersey direct from 
California upon Japan plums. 
Remedial work against this insect is onerous, but our experience 
has showm that three sprayings, at intervals of ten days during the 
latter part of May and June, will practically destroy the insect, whether 
the spraying be conducted with very considerably diluted kerosene 
emulsion or with a resin wash, while during the winter a single appli- 
cation of either of the three winter washes, mentioned in an opening- 
paragraph, will greatly reduce the numbers of the insect. Among the 
winter washes our experience leads us to give the preference to strong 
kerosene emulsion; next, to the winter resin wash; and finally, to the 
lime, salt, and sulphur mixture. . 
After the publication of the warning circular, the president of the 
California State Horticultural Society, who also holds the responsible 
position of secretary to the State Board of Horticulture, Mr. B. M. 
Lelong, is reported to have said at the April meeting of the society 
that he had been somewhat amused, but more chagrined, to see an 
official bulletin giving remedies which had been discarded in California 
fifteen years ago. He recalled how himself and others had tinkered 
round with kerosene emulsion and the like, to the w^aste of time and 
money, and he hated to see others go through the same wasteful expe- 
rience. The sovereign remedy lor this insect he stated to be the lime, 
salt, and sulphur compound generally used in California. It had saved 
