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ing the spread of contagious diseases in orchards, gardens, among 
fruit and fruit trees, for the prevention, treatment, cure, and extirpa- 
tion of fruit pests, etc. 
The subject of similar regulations in the Eastern States has been 
agitated to a certain degree. Objections of greater or less weight have 
been urged, hut the necessity for some regulation of traffic has not 
been given anything like its proper prominence. The ablest discussion 
of the question which I have seen was printed editorially in Garden 
and Forest during the past fall. The great difficulty of establishing 
an official quarantine on the borders of every State in the Union is 
pointed out, and it is shown that the legitimate outcome of any effort 
at inspection which should aim to be thorough would probably be the 
ultimate expenditure of a sum larger than the loss occasioned by the 
ravages of the pests themselves. The important point that legislation 
in individual States can be locally beneficial only when there is a strong 
public sentiment behind it is noted, and the probability of rousing a 
spirit of individual independence and a sentiment of retaliation on the 
part of one community against another is pointed out. The final con- 
clusion is that the main thing for the Federal and State governments to 
do, is to give liberal support to the scientific study of injurious insects 
and plant diseases. 
It will be found difficult to frame any legislation which will avoid the 
objections thus urged, but should the enlightened public sentiment of 
the horticulturists and agriculturists of any given county in the eastern 
United States see the necessity of enforcing insecticide and fungicide 
work, or should an emergency arise which would demand immediate 
remedy, there exist no laws under which operations could be begun. 
The immediate adoption by all Eastern States of a law which shall 
declare, as does the Idaho law, that it is the duty of every agriculturist to 
adopt and apply, from time to time, proper methods for the destruction 
of insects; which gives the governor or ruling body of the State Board 
of Agriculture power to appoint county commissioners upon proper 
request, and which shall further provide that these commissioners 
shall have the power to enforce remedial work when horticultural 
interests are threatened through the neglect of individuals, be the 
details what they may, should be urged by all prominent bodies of 
horticulturists. Another necessity is the passage of a law providing 
a penalty for the knowing sale of nursery stock or fruit affected by 
injurious insects, although the necessity for such a regulation will be 
obviated to a great degree if horticulturists will demand a written 
guarantee of non-infestation with every invoice of nursery stock pur- 
chased. 
In States containing ports of entry, regulations should be adopted 
which will provide for the inspection and quarantining of infested sub- 
stances from abroad. These regulations may be based upon the Cali- 
fornia law. This is perhaps the crying need of the present time. The 
