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Remedies. — Until some light is thrown on the life history of the flies 
it is impossible to suggest any remedial measures to be adopted for the 
general abatement of this pest in a given region. Very little can be 
said regarding protective measures. To kill the flies as we instinctively 
do the mosquitoes, by a slap of the hand, is of no avail against the 
Hippelates, because they are too numerous and for obvious other rea- 
sons. A close-fitting veil would no doubt protect the eyes, but in the 
hot days of a southern summer the wearing of a veil is a torture almost 
equal to that of the flies. For the same reason applications of oil of 
tar. oil of pennyroyal, and similar substances, which are more or less 
satisfactorily used in the Xorth against mosquitoes, black-flies, and 
sand-flies, is hardly bearable in the South. Smoking cigars or a pipe 
offers good protection to those that indulge in this vice, but even 
an inveterate smoker can not smoke constantly when lie is outdoors. 
A good smudge also drives away the flies, but, of course, can not be 
classed among the remedies that are handy and available at every hour 
and at every place. Sprinkling the coat collar and other parts of the 
clothing with Eucalyptus oil (and no doubt, also, other .strongly-smell- 
ing etheric oils) as lately recommended as a good repellant against 
house flies, should be tried, and promises, in my opinion, good results. 
THE BEET-LEAF PEGOMYIA. 
(Pegomyia vidua Lintn.) 
By L. O. Howard. 
Dr. J. A. Lintner, State entomologist of 2s ew York, in his first annual 
report, gives an interesting account of some anthomyians mining beet 
leaves. He reared a large series of flies from larvae found mining the 
leaves of beets in a vegetable garden in Middleburg, X. Y., and was 
surprised to find that his bred specimens comprised three species. One 
of them was PharMa floccosa Mac-quart, which Mr. Slingerland believes 
to be a synonym of Phorbia brassicce Bouche, one of our principal cab- 
bage root-maggots. The other two Dr. Lintner described as new. viz. 
. ClwrtopMla betarum and Pegomyia vidua. Other similar beet leaf- 
mining larvae were found by Dr. Lintner later at Bennington, Yt.. but no 
adults were reared, so that the species remained undetermined. The 
species under consideration was found to be at work during the latter 
part of July and the specimens from which the description was drawn 
issued August 7. Other specimens issued August 15 and 25. 
An interesting occurrence of the same insert in California, where it 
was found to be doing very considerable damage in the extensive sugar- 
beet plantations of the Western Sugar Beet Company at Castroville 
