Ceratitis citriperda, who stated that it was destructive to oranges in 

 Madeira. 



In the Gardeners^ Chronicle for 1848 (page 604) West wood published 

 a beautiful figure of the species, with indefinite sketches of larva and 

 puparium, and gave quite a lengthy account of the insect from speci- 

 mens received from St Michael's (Azores). A number of short notes 

 have been published by Guerin, Macquart, and Heineken in the older 

 publications, and it was recorded by these authors from the Azores, 

 Madeira, Cape Yerde Islands, Mauritius, and, by hearsay, from the West 

 Indies. Westwood also mentions two other species, one from the gold 

 coast of Africa and the other from Andalusia. 



Very recently Eev. H. Henslow {Gardeners^ Chronicle, May 24, 1890, 

 Vol. YIl, p. 655), gave an account of the same insect, which has be- 

 come very troublesome in Malta, where it appeared about fifteen years 

 ago and has increased to a very injurious extent during the last three 

 years. A committee was appointed in 1889 by the late governor of 

 Malta, charged with the preparation of a report which will be pub- 

 lished shortly in the Kew Bulletin. The fly penetrates the half-ripe 

 orange and lays several eggs within it. This causes the fruit to fall 

 when the larva escapes and enters the ground to transform. The reme- 

 dial measures suggested are to collect and destroy the fallen fruit and 

 to strew the surface of the ground under the trees with a mixture of 

 one part of finely-powdered sulphate of iron to twenty -four parts of 

 sand, the ground to be subsequently watered. The pest is said to par- 

 ticularly attack the Mandarine in Malta, and to be more abundant in 

 a hot dry season than in cold or inclement weather. 

 Thus there appears no record of damage by this pest 

 to any other crop than the Orange. 



Osten Sacken, in the Entomologist's Monthly Mag- 

 azine (XXI, p. 34, July, 1884), makes the general state- 

 ment that this fly is injurious to citrus fruits wherever 

 grown. This, however, seems to be a mistake, for the 

 very large orange and lemon industries in this country 

 seem never to have suffered from this insect, nor in- 

 deed from any allied species, although, as we have 

 shown (Insect Life, Vol. I, p. 45), Trypeta ludens, a 

 species of the same family, injures oranges in some- 

 what the same way in Mexico. 



Last April, however, we received from Mr. Claud 

 W. McCallan, of St. George's, Bermuda, an injured 

 peach infested by maggots. Mr. McCallan in his ac- 

 companying letter stated that this pest completely 

 destroys the peach crop in the vicinity of St. George's, 

 and that Dr. T. A. Outerbridge '^ some years ago took 

 a peach or two and placed them in a bottle with a 



\ 



Fig. 2.— Ceratitis cap- 

 itata : a, pupa ; b, anal 

 extremity of same — en- 

 larged (original). 



