36 



quently entomological articles of considerable economic interest written 

 by competent authorities and observers. Since these periodicals are but 

 little read in this country our entomologists know of the existence of 

 these articles only when they are collated in general and more accessi- 

 ble works on forestry insects, e. g., the well-known works by Ratzeburg, 

 Altum, Eichhoff, Judeich and Nitzsche, etc. Through the kindness of 

 Prof. B. E. Fernow, chief of the forestry division of the U. S. Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, we have before us the more recent numbers of 

 one of these periodicals, the Zeitsehrift fiir Forst- und Jagdwesen (Berlin, 

 Julius Springer) for 1889 and 1890,* from which the following note is 

 taken: 



In comparison with the tar rings employed here to prevent injurious 

 caterpillars from ascending trees, the rings of adhesive lime, of late years 

 largely used by the German foresters, appear to be greatly superior in 

 every respect. The lime is manufactured by two firms, L. Pohlborn, 

 Berlin, and Schindler & Mitzell, Stettin, both kinds appearing to be of 

 the same quality. We are not told of what material this lime is made, 

 but it probably largely consists of boiled linseed-oil (birds' lime.) It is 

 not in the least injurious to the trees and its superiority over tar be- 

 comes at once apparent from its long effectiveness, since rings applied 

 in early spring retain their adhesive power till late in the fall. The 

 lime as now used is of the consistency of green soap, so that it has to 

 be smeared on and can not well be painted on the trees. To facili- 

 tate this operation a simple wooden implement consisting of two pieces 

 is used; a saving of material is thereby effected, and the rings can be 

 made of even width and thickness. The cost of this lime is, in Germany, 

 $4.25 per hundred kilograms (50 pounds), including freight to somedis 

 tauce. In an experiment on a large scale made in 1888, rings 30 milli- 



* The following is a list of the entomological papers in the volumes for 1889 and 

 1890 (so far as published) of this periodical, the translations of the titles not being 

 verbatim : 



Contributions to the life history of and the mode of warfare against Bombyx pini. 

 By Professor Altum, 1889, pp. 39-47. 



The destruction of Orgyia pudibunda. By Professor Altum, 1889, pp. 166-169. 



Contributions to the life history of certain species of Lyda (Tenthredinidce). By 

 Dr. Karl Eckstein, 1889, pp. 210-218. 



Experimental application of lime rings for preventing injury by Orgyia pudibunda. 

 By W. Boden, 1889, pp. 219-222. 



Tenthredo ciw^wifa^e Fabr., a " deceptive" Saw- dy. By Professor Altum, 1889, pp. 

 271-274. 



GraphoUtha strohilella L. By H. Gerike, 1889, pp. 321-326. 



The banded Pine Geometrid (Ellopia fasciaria L.) By Professor Altum, 1889, pp. 

 403-418. 



The Winter Geometrids. By Professor Altum, 1889, pp. 641-647. 



The mode of feeding in the Pine Bombyx, the Pine Noctua, and the Pine Saw-flies. 

 By Professor Altum, 1890, pp. 81-82. 



The new Pine Greometrid (Ellopia prosapiaria L.) By Borgmann, 1890, pp. 141-145. 



The Basket- Willow Liaf-beetle (Chrjsoniela vulgatissima). By Dr. Karl Eckstein, 

 1890, pp. 145-148. 



