115 



at all times of the day, since the beetles can not fly out of a sack as 

 they could off a sheet or from the ground. 



3Iy conclusions are that the only way to save a crop of grapes is to 

 plant spiraea, roses, or blackberries between some rows of the vineyard, 

 and, by persistent collecting, keep these plants free and attractive. 

 How persistent one must be is shown by the fact that though Colonel 

 Pearson one year went over his vineyard once a day killing beetles, yet 

 they destroyed his grapes almost completely. This year, though he 

 daily cleared his rose-bushes by applying the sludge-oil soap, yet every 

 bud was eaten. 



The Clintons, many of them, bloom and set before the rose-bug arrives 

 in force ; they are then generally safe, since the beetles prefer the foli- 

 age of the grape. The Concord buds are just right for the insects, and 

 they go completely. The Concord foliage is not relished, and only the 

 upper surface is eaten. Very late-blooming varieties are also fairly 

 safe, and this indicates another method of dealing with this pest, i. e.j 

 plant very early or very late blooming varieties, while supplying some- 

 thing for the insects to eat. I may say that the suggestion that spiraea 

 be planted as an attraction is Mr. Fuller's, and he reports that he saves 

 his grapes in this way. 



There is one glimmer of hope ahead. Indications of a decrease in the 

 number of the insects are observed, and natural means may end the in 

 vasion. Some eighteen or twenty years ago there was a similar invasion 

 lasting four or five years. The present flood began about four years 

 ago, and in some places is undoubtedly on the decrease. Colonel Pear- 

 son did not suffer nearly as much this season as he did last season, and 

 others have made the same statement. 



NOTE ON THE PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT IN MALLOPHAGA.* 



By Herbert Osborn. 



The habits of the species of Mallophaga render accurate observations 

 upon the time required in development of the eggs a matter of con- 

 siderable difficulty. While in some of the species upon very common 

 birds it is possible to get an abundance of material, in other cases the 

 opportunities for obtaining such material are very rare. But in the 

 most common species the difficulty of determining the exact time of 

 deposition of eggs, and then of keeping individuals in such conditions 

 as to insure a normal development, makes positive observations difficult. 

 This being the case, any observations which may add to our knowledge 

 of the subject seem of interest, and the present note is off'ered as one 

 such contribution. 



* Read before the Entomological Club of the American Association for the Ad- 

 vancement of Science at Indianapolis, August 21, 1890. 



