400 



learned, by a worm, which claims the bean as its home. The muscular effort exerted 

 by the worm on the interior of the bean is sufficient to propel it forward about 3-16 

 inch at each jump. To a person who has not heard the reason for the peculiar action 

 of the bean the movement is, to say the least, wonderful. 



If there is a printed description of this bean, giving the localities in which it may 

 be found, will you kindly a Ivise me of same and much oblige * * * [\y. g. 

 Savery, Wilmington, Delaware, February 21, 1891, 



Reply. — * * * It is the seed of a Euphorbiaceous plant believed to be Col- 

 liguaja odorifera Moline, and the contained " worm " is the larva of a little Tortricid 

 moth known as Carpocapsa saltitans, a near relative of the common Codling Moth 

 {Carpocapsa pomonella) . It is found chiefly in Sonora, Mexico. I inclose for your in- 

 formation a copy of a short paper which I published upon this insect several years 

 ago.— [February 24, 1891.] 



The use of Paris Green in England. 



Our special move onwards now is, I think, establishing steadily and gradually the 

 use of Paris Green. Of course there was tremendous opposition, but when a man 

 who has sprayed his trees has a glorious crop (and an excellent price for them), his 

 neighbor who has none gets a good lesson. 



I am bringing out a short paper, which will, I hope, make the method of applica- 

 tion quite clear to the humblest capacity. There was a deal of trouble for want of 

 spraying machines, but this I hope we have quite got over. — [E. A. Ormerod, St. 

 Albans, England. 



Spraying for the Codling Moth in Oregon. 



In compliance with your request I will make you a short report in regard to my ex- 

 perience in spraying for the Codling Moth, Green Aphis, and the Wooly Aphis 

 (Schizoneura lanigera). I commenced spraying in February, using 1 pound B. T. Bab- 

 bitt's lye to 5 gallons of water. This strength is all I dared to use on account of the 

 swollen buds. It was strong enough, though, to kill all moss and living insects, 

 though not strong enough to destroy the eggs of the Green Aphis. It shoulii be as 

 strong again for this purpose, and applied in December and January, when the trees 

 are entirely dormant. The spraying for the Codling Moth was done when the fruit 

 was fully formed and about the size of peas. The mixture used was 1 pound London 

 purple dissolved in 160 gallons of water. The purple was put on during the middle of 

 of the day, when the sun was shining, and in 2 hours' time the trees were entirely 

 dry. The second spraying was done 3 weeks later, and was put on as before. The 

 effect of those two sprayings was to keep the worms out of the fruit until the latter 

 part of July. Then another lot of eggs was laid, and at picking time some of the 

 apples had worms just buried under the skin, while others had nearly reached the 

 core. One peculiarity in my orchard was that there were very few apples where 

 the worm had entered the calyx of the fruit, but most of them had entered from the 

 side of the apple. I am satisfied that if I had sprayed every 3 weeks until the last 

 of September I could have saved 98 per cent, of my apples. Pears were entirely 

 free from worms th s year that were badly infested last year. My orchard is badly 

 infested with the Green Ap his and Wooly Aphis. But I think I can get them under 

 control next year by using the kerosene emulsions. This seems to have better effect 

 if sprayed on during a hot day, when it drys quickly and adheres to the trees and 

 leaves. I also believe it will destroy the Wooly Aphis ou the roots of the tree by let- 

 ting it saturate the ground around the roots. I will experiment more thoroughly 

 next season and send you the result of my labors. Taking it all in all, I feel fully 

 satisfied that these insect pests can be held in subjection, if not entirely extermi- 

 nated, by the use of the force pump , and next summer I intend to do the work 

 thoroughly and systematically and make you a more complete report of the result, 

 with the costs and net profits accruing from the same. — [E. P. Smith, Gresham, Ore- 

 gon, December 8, 1890, to the Division of Pomology. 



