The Oligochseta of the Forth Area. 121 



The next three species come under the subgenus Dendrobsena, Eisen. 

 Helodrilus (D.) rubidus (Sav.). 



Allolobophora (Dendrobccna) arborea, Eisen (in part ?) ; Friend, in Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool., xxiv., 



p. 301, 1892. 

 A. putris, Beddard's table, I.e., p. 390. Presumably the A. rubida (? + A. prqfuga) of the table 



= Octolasium lactcum (Orley). 



Not very common in either of its forms according to my experience. 

 Usually, but not always, in decaying trees and rotten stumps ; among dead 

 leaves is also a habitat for it. Typical specimens from the following localities 

 have been determined for me either by Mr Friend or Mr Southern : — 



Side of Almond above Cramond Bridge, two, Dec. 1904 ; Ravelrig, near 

 Balerno, several under bark of dead beech, March 1908 ; and under bark of dead 

 elm, March 1909 ; Hallyards, near Kirkliston, half a dozen in rotten stump, and 

 similarly, near Falkirk, March 1910; Balquhidder, several among old leaves in 

 ditch, April. 



H. r. var. subrubicutlda (Eisen), Michaelsen (I.e.). 



Allol. (Dend.) subrubicunda, Friend (I.e.). 



I have had this form, which Friend calls the " gilt-tail " — and which, 



though delighting to live among dead leaves and dead branches, he says is 



by no means confined to woodlands — determined by him from the following 



localities : — 



Polton, in rotten tree, several, March 1.905; Morningside, in garden, Dec. 

 1904; Isle of May, one under board, Sept. 1909; Balquhidder, one "not quite 

 typical," under stone at foot of larch, April 1910. I have also a specimen got 

 under a stone at about 2500 ft. on Stuc-a-Chroin, in Sept. 1906. 



Helodrilus (D.) mammalis (Sav.). 



Allolobophora (Dendrobcena) celtica, Rosa ; Friend, in torn, cit., p. 297. 

 This active little Earthworm, which was found by Mr Friend at 

 Langholm, Dumfriesshire, in 1890, and received by him from Paisley in 1892 

 (I.e.), is common in fields, gardens, etc., throughout the district. Specimens 

 have been identified from the following localities : — 



Morningside, in garden ; Colinton Dell ; and banks of the Almond, near 

 Cramond, Feb. 1905; Balerno, March 1905; Aberiady, April 1907; Carriden, 

 near Bo'ness, March 1910; old quarry near Falkirk, common, "some with 

 spermatophores " (Friend), March 1910 ; Kilconquhar, Fife, April 1906 ; Aberdour, 

 in road-scrapings, Feb. 1908; Thornton, March 1910; roadside near Dunblane, 

 April 1905. 



Subgenus Helodrilus, Hoffmstr. ( = Eophila, Rosa, in part). 



Helodrilus (H.) oculatus, Hoffmstr. 



Helodrilus oculatus, Evans, in Proa. Roy. Phys. Soc, vol. xvii., pt. 1. (1909), p. 31, footnote. 

 In 1905 I found near Edinburgh a worm which Dr Michaelsen of 

 Hamburg identified for me as Helodrilus oculatus, Hoffmeister, a species not 



