26 TERMS USED IN FORESTRY AND LOGGING. 



Two-storied forest. Comprising on the same area two classes, which vary consider- 

 ably in height, composed of trees of different species. The term is not applicable to 

 forest under reproduction, in which the appearance of two stories is the temporary 

 result of an incomplete process, but to those forests of which the two stories of 

 growth are a natural and permanent feature. 

 G., zweihiebig. F., a double etage. 



In a two-storied forest the taller trees form the overicood, or iipper story. G. , Ober- 

 holz, Oberstand. F., etage superieur du peuplement. The shorter trees form the 

 underwood, or lower story. G., Unterholz, Unterstand. F., sousetage. 



Underbrush, n. All large, woody plants, such as witch-hobble, laurel, striped 

 maple, and devil's club, which grow in a forest, but do not make trees. See Ground 

 cover. 



Underg'rowth, n. The ground cover, underbrush, and young trees below the large 

 sapling stage. 



Underplant, v. To plant young trees under an existing stand. 



Underwood, n. See two-storied forest. 



Uueven-ag'ed forest. See Irregular forest. 



Upper story. See Two-storied forest. 



Used length. The sum of the lengths of logs cut from a tree. 

 Syn. : actual merchantable length. 



Used ' volume. The sum of the volumes of logs cut from a tree. 

 Syn. : actual merchantable volume. 



Ytiluation area. A forest area of known size upon which measurements or other 

 detailed studies are made for the determination of the stand or yield. See Experi 

 ment area. 



Syn.: sample area, sample plot. G., Probeflache, Versuchsflache. F., surface 

 d' experience, place d'essai. 



Yaluatiou survey. The measurement or other detailed study of the stand upon a 

 valuation or experiment area. 

 Two kinds of valuation survey are distinguished: 



1. The strij) survey comprises the measurement of a stand, or a given portion of 

 it, upon strips usually 1 chain wide. 



2. The plot survey comprises the measurement of the stand, or a given portion of 

 it, upon isolated plots not in the form of strips. 



Veteran, n. A tree over 2 feet in diameter breasthigh. See Tree class. 

 Veteran forest. A forest of veterans. 



G., Altholz. F., vieille futaie. 

 Virgin forest. See First growth. 

 Volume growth. See Increment. 

 Volume increment. See Increment. 

 Volume rotation. See Rotation. 



Volume tal)le. A tabular statement of the volume of trees in board feet or other 

 units upon the basis of their diameter breasthigh, their diameter breasthigh and 

 height, their age, or their age and height. 



G., Massentafel. F., tarif de cubage. 

 Volunteer growth. Young trees which have sprung up in the open, as white pine 

 in old fields, or cherry and aspen in burns. See Advance growth. 



Syn.: old-field growth. 

 Weed tree. A tree of a species which has little or no value. 



G., Unholz. F., morts-bois. 



