12 TERMS USED IN FOEESTEY AND LOGGING. 



Forest plantation. Forest growth, established by setting out young trees or by 

 sowing seed, which has not reached the small pole stage. 



G., Pflanzung, Kultur. F., plantation. 



A forest plantation, made by setting out young trees, which has passed the small 

 pole stage, is called a planted forest. A sown forest plantation which has passed 

 the small pole stage is called a sown forest. 

 Forest policy. The principles which govern the administration of the forest for its 

 best permanent use. See Forestry. 

 . G., Forstpolitik. F., politique forestiere. 

 Forest products. All usable material yielded by the forest. 



Syn. : direct returns. 



The following classes are distinguished: 



Major products include all w^ood harvested for any purpose. 



G., Hauptnutzung. F., produits principaux. 



Minor products include all forest products except wood. 



G., Nebennutzung. F,, menus produits. 



Forest protection. The safeguarding of the forest against any damage not caused 

 by its own growth. See Forestry. 



G., Forstschutz. F., protection des forets. 



Forestral, a. Pertaining to forestry. 



Forest replacement. The restoration of forest, growth on denuded areas. 

 G., Wiederaufforstung. F., reboisement. 



Forestry, n. The science and art of making the best permanent use of the forest, 

 G., Forstwirtschaft, Forstw^esen, Forstwissenschaft. F., science forestiere, for- 



esterie. 



The main branches of forestry are Fared policy, Silviculture, Forest management, 



Forest protection, and Forest utilization. 



Forest type. A forest or a part of a forest possessing distinctive characteristics of 

 composition or habit of growth. 



Forest utilization. The most profitable use of forest products. See Forestry. 

 G., Forstbenutzung. F., exploitation des bois. 



Form class. All trees in a stand so similar in form that the same form factor is 

 applicable in determining their actual volume. 

 Syn.; form factor class. 



Form factor. The ratio, expressed decimally, between the volume of a tree, or por- 

 tion of a tree, and of a cylinder of the same height and diameter. The volume of 

 this cylinder multiplied by the form factor gives the actual volume of the tree or 

 portion of the tree. 



Syn.: factor of shape. * G., Formzahl. F., coefficient de forme. 



Three kinds of form factors are distinguished, according to the portion of the 

 tree to which they refer: 



A Tree form factor is used for determining the actual volume of the whole tree; a 

 Stem form factor for determining the volume of the stem; and a Timber form factor 

 for determining the merchantable contents of stem, crown, or both. 



A form factor is called absolute when the diameter of the tree is measured at any 

 convenient height, the form factor referring only to that portion of the tree above 

 the point at which the diameter is measured; normal, when the diameter is meas- 

 ured at a height in constant ratio to the total height of the tree; and artificial, when 

 the breasthigh diameter is measured. 



Form factor class. See Form class. 



