10 TEKMS USED IN FORESTRY AND LOGGING. 



Experiment area. A forest area of known size upon which successive measure- 

 ments or other detailed studies are made for the determination of the growth and 

 behavior of the stand, or upon which experiments are conducted to ascertain the 

 effect of methods of treatment upon the forest. See Valuation area. 



Syn. : permanent sample plot, permanent sample area. G., Probefliiche, Ver- 

 suchsflache. F., surface d' experience, place d'essai. 



Exposure. See Aspect. 



Factor of shape. See Form factor. 



Factors of the locality. See Locality. 



Fail spot. A place where natural or artificial reproduction has failed. 



False ring". The layer of wood, less than a full season's growth, and seldom 

 extending around the stem, which is formed whenever the diameter growth of a 

 tree is interrupted and begins again during the same growing season. 

 G., Scheinring. F., fausse couche d'accroissement. 



Federal forest. See National forest. 



Federal forest reserve. See National forest reserve. 



Final cutting. See Stand method. 



Final yield. All material derived from reproduction cuttings or clean cuttings. 

 It is usually the chief crop, and marks the end of the rotation. See Intermediate 

 yield. 



G., Haubarkeitsnutzung, Abtriebsnutzung. F., produit principal. 



Financial rotation. See Rotation. 

 Fire lane. See Fire line. 



Fire line. A strip kept clear of inflammable material as a protection against the 

 spread of forest fire. 

 Syn.: fire lane, fire trace. G., Feuergestell. F., tranchee garde-feu. 



Fire trace. See Fire line. 



First growth. 1. Natural forest in which no cuttings have been made. See 

 Second growth. 



Syn.: old growth, virgin forest. G., Urw^ald. F., foret vierge. 



2. Trees grown before lumbering or severe fire entered the forest; belonging to 

 the original stand. 



Forest, v. To establish a forest, either by natural or artificial means. 



Forest, n. An area whose principal crop is trees. A forest includes both the forest 

 cover and the soil beneath it. 



G., Wald, Forst. F., foret. 



A forest judged by the character of the stand may be timberland or ivoodland. 

 These constitute the two great classes of forest, between which it is possible to draw 

 a practical but not an absolute distinction. 



Timberland may be broadly defined 'as that class of forest which contains in 

 commercial quantities trees of sufficient size and of the required kind to furnish 

 saw logs, pulp wood, ties, poles, or wood for similar uses. 



Woodland may be broadly defined as forest which contains trees fit for firewood 

 or fencing, but none or very few trees which are suitable for the uses enumerated 

 above. 



A timber tract is a body of timberland, usually of large area. 



A woodlot is a forest of small area in w^hich the wood is used mainly for fuel, 

 fencing, and other farm purposes. 

 Forestation, See Forest extension. 



