TEEMS IN FORESTRY. 7 



Board rule. A graduated stick for determining the contents of boards. The num- 

 ber of board feet in boards of given widths and lengths is shown upon the stick. 



Board scale. See Board measure. 



Bole, n. See Stem. 



Breasthigh, a. At or having a height of 4^^ feet above the ground. 



Burn, n.' An area over which fire has run to the noticeable injury of the forest. 



Caliper, n. An instrument for measuring the diameter of trees or logs, usually con- 

 sisting of a graduated beam to which is attached one fixed and one sliding arm. 

 G. , Kluppe. F. , compas f orestier. 



Canopy, n. See Crown cover. 



Class sample tree. See Sample tree. 



Clean cutting-. 1. The cutting of the entire stand. 



Syn.: clear cutting. G., Kahlschlag. F., coupe blanche, coupe u blanc etoc. 

 2. An area upon which the entire stand has been cut. 



Clean cutting* nietliod. A method of conservative lumbering in which the entire 

 stand is cut at one time and reproduction is secured by sowing or planting. See 

 Forest management. 



G., Kahlschlagwirtschaft. F., methode par coupe unique. 



Cleaning", n. A thinning made in a stand which has not reached the small-pole 

 stage. Its main object is to remove trees of undesirable form and species. See 

 Thinning, 



G., Reinigungshieb. F., nettoiement. 



Clear cutting". See Clean cutting. 



Clear leng"tli. In silvics, that portion of the stem of a tree free from branches. In 

 forest measurements the meaning of the term varies with the species measured 

 and the purpose of the measurements. For example, clear length is in some cases 

 used to designate that portion of the stem entirely free from branches, in others 

 that portion free from dead branches, or from growing branches of a given size. 

 Syn.: clear trunk. G., Stamm. F., tige. 



Clear trunk. See Clear length. 



Closed, a. See Crown density. 



Combined cropping. The combination of forest and field crops on the same area. 

 G., Waldfeldbau. F., culture agricole et sylvicole combinee. 



Communal forest. See Town forest. 



Compartment, n. The unit of area treated in the working plan. The size and the 

 shape of compartments are determined mainly by topographic features. 

 G., Abteilung, Jagen, F., parcelle, division, compartiment. 

 If a compartment contains a stand varying greatly in composition, age, or needs, 

 it may be divided into two or more subcoynpartments, which may be either 

 temporary or permanent. 



Compartment line. The boundary of a compartment. It may be marked by a 

 road, a ride, or a natural feature, such as a stream or the crest of a ridge. In 

 Europe, when other demarcation is wanting, clean cuttings upon narrow strips 

 are made to mark the boundaries of a compartment. These are known as rides 

 (G., Schneisse. F., laie). A ride which separates two cutting series, and thus runs 

 parallel to the prevailing wind direction, is called a major ride (G., Wirtschafts- 

 streifen. F., laie sommiere), while one which completes the demarcation of a 

 compartment is known as a minor ride (G., Nebenschneisse. F., layon). 



Compartment system. See Stand method. 



