6 TERMS USED I:N' FORESTRY AND LOGGING. 



Accretion cutting". See Accretion thinning. 



Accretion thinning". A thinning made specifically to increase the rate of growth 

 in diameter of the trees which are left standing. See Thinning. 



Syn. : accretion cutting. G., Lichtungshieb. F., coup d'isolement. 

 Acid hnnius. See Sour humus. 

 Actual merchantable leng-th. See Used length. 

 Actual merchantable volume. See Used volume. 



Advance g-rowth, n. Young trees which have sprung up in accidental openings in 

 the forest, or under the forest cover before reproduction cuttings are begun. See 

 Volunteer growth. 



G., Vorwuchs. F., semis preexistant. 

 After-growth, n. Y^oung trees which have sprung up as the result of reproduction 

 cuttings. 



G., Nachwuchs. F., repeuplement naturel. 

 Age class. All trees in a stand whose ages are within given limits. 



G., Altersklasse. F., classe d'age. 

 All-aged forest. See Many-aged forest. 



Annual ring. The layer of wood produced by the diameter growth of a tree in one 

 year, as seen on a cross section. See False ring. 



G., Jahrring, Jahresschicht. F., couche annuelle, couche d'accroissement. 

 Annual working. See ^Vorking. 

 Arithmetical mean sample tree. See Sample tree. 

 Artificial form factor. See Form factor. 

 Artificial reproduction. See Reproduction. 



Aspect, n. The direction toward which a slope faces. The eight main points of 

 the compass, X., NE., E., SE., S., SAV., AY., XW., are distinguished in forest 

 description. 



Syn. : exposure. G., Lage. F., exposition. 

 Back fire. A fire started purposely some distance ahead of a fire which is to be 

 fought. The back fire is intended to bum only against the wind, so that when the 

 two fires meet, both must go out for lack of fuel. 



Syn.: counter fire. G., Gegenfeuer. F., contre feu. 

 Ball planting. A method of transplanting young trees with balls or lumps of earth 

 around the roots. 



G., Ballenpflanzung. F., j)lantation en motte. 

 Bark blazer. See Scratcher. 

 Bark gouge. See Scratcher. 



Basal area. The area of a cross section of a tree, or the sum of such areas. 

 Blank, n. An opening in the forest where, from any cause, very few or no trees are 

 growing. 



G., Blosse. F., vide. 

 Block, n. The unit of management treated in a working plan. A block contains 

 always two, but usually many more, compartments. 

 G., Block. F., serie d'exploitation. 

 Board foot. The contents of a board 1 foot square and 1 inch thick. The common 



unit of measure for logs and lumber in the United States. 

 Board measure. The standard of lumber measurement, the unit of which is the 

 board foot. 

 Syn.: board scale. 



