380 Proceedings of the 



Per cent, 

 Protoxide of iron, . . . 9 4 



Silica, . . . . 2*0 



Lime, ..... 10 



Water, .... 3'0 



100 



This protoxide would yield of, — 



Per cent. 

 Metallic iron, . . . . 65-17 



Oxygen, .... 28*83 



Silica, lime, and water, . . 6*00 



100 



The ore I found to be in four states : — 1st, in mammillated or 

 reniform shapes ; 2d, massive ; 3d, granular ; 4,th, pulverulent 

 — the two latter conditions being the effect of disintegration. 

 The reniform structure is concentric scaly ; internally, com- 

 pact or fibrous. The streak is deep red, which is characteris- 

 tic. In all its conditions and characters it corresponds with 

 the long-used hematite of Ulverston in Lancashire, and of 

 Whitehaven. The yield of the Garpel ore is, in round num- 

 bers, double that of blackband ironstone. In similar terms 

 was my Report drawn out ; yet there the ore remained disre- 

 garded and useless until lately. But the qualities of this ore 

 were known before my examination of it. Indeed, I met with 

 no one in the district who was ignorant of its existence. 

 Masses of it were piled in ornamental heaps in gardens, 

 and decorated the mantel-pieces of the houses in the vicinity. 

 Fortunately this valuable store has been rescued, not, indeed, 

 from oblivion, but from the neglect to which it seemed to have 

 been doomed. Those interested in iron working had every 

 conceivable encouragement to avail themselves of this valua- 

 ble deposit. The quality of the ore, rising high and accessi- 

 ble above the level of the burn, where it might to a great ex- 

 tent be wrought out as an open quarry, placed on the gentle 

 slope of a hill side, whence the ore might be conveyed along 

 a tramroad of less than two miles down to the post road ; situ- 

 ated in a district abounding in coal ; all these tempting facili- 

 ties were long overlooked. It is now above a twelvemonth 

 since I stated these facts in conversation to a Mr Holdsworth, 

 a zealous explorer of mineral substances, at the same time 



