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CARROT. 
German, Mohre.—French, Carotte.—Spanish, Zanahoria. CER } 
1 oz. for 125 feet of drill; 4 1bs. for an acre. 
The Carrot, like other root crops, delights inasandy loam, 
richly tilled. For early crops sow in spring, as soon as the 
Torey 
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ground is in good working order; for later crops they maybe FP 
sown any time until the middle of June. Sow in rows about 2 YY 
fifteen inches apart, thinning out to three or four inches Y \ 
between the plants. In field culture, when grown for horses Z Ny 
or cattle, the rows should be two feet apart, so that the crop 
can be worked with the Horse Cultivator. As Carrot seed is 
slow to germinate, extra precautions must be taken to firm 
the seed in the soil. 
For Exuisition.—By means of a crowbar, holes are 
made in the ordinary garden soil, as shown in the drawing. 
These holes should be made when the soil is dry and may be 
two to three feet deep and three to four inches across at the 
top. Fill the holes with sifted soil so the roots will come out 
~ smooth and free from indentations caused by lumps and peb- 
bles. The soil should be composed of equal parts of sand, 
leaf-mold, well-rotted manure and turfy loam, and an addi- 
tion of about 5 per cent of our Garden Fertilizer. 
url SSA 
LL, 
Sow five 
or six grains on the top of each place thus prepared, covering about one-quar- 
terinch. When the plants appear, thin out, leaving only one plant at the centre. 
This method may also be used for Parsnips and Long Beets. 
CELERY. 
German, Seleri.—French, Celeri.—Spanish, Apis. 
1 oz. for 3,000 plants. 
Sow in the open ground as soon as it is fit to work in April, and keep care- 
fully clear of weeds until time of transplanting in June or July. The tops should 
be shorn once or twice before transplanting, so as to ensure ‘‘stocky”’ plants. 
The lower half of the root should also be cut off before transplanting. 
After the ground has been prepared, lines are made on the level surface, 
three feet apart, and the plants set six inches apart in the lines. If the 
weather be dry at the time of planting great care should be taken that the 
roots are properly ‘‘firmed.’”” Our custom is to turn back on the row and press 
by the side of each plant gently with the foot. This compacts the soil, and 
excludes the air from the roots until new rootlets are formed, which will usually 
be in forty-eight hours, after which all danger is over. After the planting of the 
Celery is completed, nothing further is to be done for six or seven weeks, except 
going through between the rows with a cultivator or hoe and freeing the 
plants of weeds until they get strong enough to crowd them down. -This will 
bring us to about the middle of August, by which time we have usually that 
moist and cool atmosphere essential to the growth of Celery. Then we begin the 
“earthing up’’ necessary for the blanching and whitening of that which is wanted 
for use during the months of September, October and November. The first 
operation is that of ‘‘ handling,’’ as we term it; that is, after all the soil has been 
drawn up against the plant with a hoe, it is further drawn close around each 
plant by the hand, firm enough to keep the leaves in an upright position and 
prevent them from spreading. This being done, more soil is drawn against the 
row (either by the plow or hoe, as circumstances require) so as to keep the 
plant in this upright position. The blanching process must, however, be finished 
by the spade, which is done by digging the soil from between the rows and 
banking it up clear to the top on each side of the row of Celery. Three feet is 
ample distance between the dwarf varieties; but when larger sorts are used the 
width of the rows must be at least four and a half or five feet. 
For fuller details on Celery culture please refer to our book, ‘‘ Gardening for 
Profit,’’ fully described on page 7. 
CORN, Sugar. 
German, Welschkorn.—French, Mais.—Spanish, Maiz. 
1 qt. for 200 hills; 8 to 10 qts. in hills for an acre. 
Allvarieties of Sweet or Sugar Corn may be eithersownin rows fourandahalf 
feet apart, and the seeds placed about eight inches apart in the rows, or planted 
in hills at distances of three or four feet each way, according to the variety 
grown or the richness of the soilin which it is planted. The taller the variety, 
or the richer the soil, the greater should be the distance apart. We make our 
first plantings in this vicinity about the middle of May and continue successive 
plantings every two or three weeks until the last weekin July. Inmore Southerly 
latitudes planting is begun a month earlier and continued a month later. 
For Exalsition.—Plant six feet apart in very rich soil, allowing only one 
ear to each plant. Country Gentleman, Stowell’s Evergreen and Mammoth 
Sugar are the best for exhibition. Water occasionally with liquid manure. 
MAWES 
more abundant the product. 
well-enriched soil. 
F GARDEN VEGETABLES ta 
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CUCUMBER. 
German, Gurke.—French, Concombre.—Spanish, Cohombro. 
1 oz. for 60 hills; 2 to 3 lbs. in hills for an acre. 
Cucumbers succeed best in warm, rich, sandy loam. They should not be 
planted in the open air until there is a prospect of settled warm weather, in 
the vicinity of New York about the middle of May; plant in hills about four feet 
aparteach way. The hills should be previously prepared, by mixing with the 
soil of each a shovelful of well-rotted manure. Plant eight or ten seeds in each 
hill. When all danger from insects is past thin out the plants, leaving three or 
four of the strongest to each hill. The fruit should be gathered when large 
enough, whether required for use or not, as, if left to ripen on the vines, it de- 
stroys their productiveness. 
For Exa#isition.—The White Spine is most handsome. Not more than two or 
three fruits should be allowed to grow on each vine, and superfluous growth of 
vine should be removed in order to throw all the strength into the fruit. 
EGG PLANT. 
1 oz. for 1,000 plants. 
German, Fierpflanze.—French, Aubergine.—Spanish, Berengena. 
The Egg Plant will thrive wellin any good garden soil, but will repay good 
treatment. The seed should be sown in hot-beds or warm greenhouse in March 
or April, and when about an inch high, pot in two-inch pots. Plant out, about 
June 1st, two and a half feet apart. If no hot-bed is at hand, they can be grown 
in any light room where the temperature will average seventy-five degrees. 
For Exa#isBition.—The New York Improved Spineless is unsurpassed. Set 
the plants three to four feet apart and water with liquid manure, allowing not 
more than two fruits to each plant. 
ENDIVE. 
1 oz. for 100 feet of drill or 2,000 plants. 
German, Endivien.—French, Chicoree.—Spanish, Endivia. 
' Endive is one of the best salads for fall and winter use. 
Sow for an early 
supply about the middle of April. 
As it is used mostly in the fall months, the 
main sowings are made in June and July and transplanted one foot apart each 
way when of sufficient size. It requires no special soil or manure, and after trans- 
planting, if kept clear of weeds until the plant has attained its full size, the 
process of blanching begins. This is effected by gathering up the leaves, and 
tying them by their tips in a conical form, with Raphia. This excludes the 
light and air from the inner leaves, which become blanched in the course of from 
three to six weeks, according to the temperature at the time. Another and 
more simple method consists in laying slats or boards on the plants as they 
grow, which serves the same purpose as the tying up. It can also be grown 
by sowing the seed and thinning out to one foot apart each way, as recom- 
mended for Lettuce. 
KALE, or Borecole. 
German, Blatter-Kohl.—French, Chou Vert.—Spanish, Breton. 
1 oz. will sow 150 feet of drill. 
Kale, or Borecole, may be grown in almost any soil, but the richer it is the 
If wanted for use in late fall or early winter, sow 
early in June and transplant, as directed for Cabbage, middle of July. If needed 
for spring use, sow Siberian about middle of August and transplant a month 
later. Of all the Cabbage tribe this is the most tender and delicate, and would 
be much more extensively grown than it is, if its excellent qualities were gen- 
erally known. 
touched by frost. 
The varieties are all extremely hardy, and are best when 
LEEK. 
German, Lauch.—French, Poireau.—Spanish, Puerro. 
1 oz. will sow 100 feet of drill. 
The Leek is very hardy and easily cultivated ; it succeeds best in a light but 
Sow as early in spring as practicable, in drills one inch deep 
and one foot apart. When six or eight inches high they may be transplanted in 
rows ten inches apart each way, as deep as possible, that the neck, being covered, 
may be blanched. 
rich, for the Leek is a gross feeder. 
If fine Leeks be desired, the ground can hardly be made too 
LETTUCE. 
German, Lattich.—French, Laitue.—Spanish, Lechuga. 
1 oz. for 3,000 plants. 
The cultivation of Lettuce is universal by all who have gardens, and from its 
tractable nature and freedom from nearly all insects and diseases, it is manage- 
able in the hands of every one. 
For early crop, seed may be sown in the open 
ground in the middle of September, and transplanted to cold frames as soon as 
large enough to handle, being wintered over in the same manner as early Cab- 
bage. 
Seeds may be sown in well-protected frames in February, and in hot-beds 
in March, and by careful covering up at night will make fine plants by April 
for spring planting. But for ordinary private use in the summer months, the 
simplest way is to sow it thinly in rows one foot apart, early in the spring, 
and thin out the plants so that they will stand one foot apart. This is easier 
than transplanting, and if sown every two or three weeks from middle of April 
to middle of August, Lettuce may be had in perfection the whole season. 
Lettuce plants may be saved over the winter without glass covering in Southern 
parts of the country in dry, well-sheltered spots, by covering with leaves or litter 
late in the season. 
CRESS, or Pepper Grass. 
German, i<resse.—French, Cresson.—Spanish, Mastruco. 
A well-known pungent salad. Requires to be sown thickly in rows and 
covered very slightly. Sow in Aprilin open ground in rows one foot apart and 
thin out as needed. To keep up a succession, sow frequently, as all varieties 
deteriorate rapidly. 
