33 
part of water. When diluted 1 to 5 this may be sprayed over the roots. 
(3) Sulphur wash made by putting 30 pounds of flowers of sulphur in an 
iron or wooden vessel and inixing enough water (about 12 quarts) with 
it tomake a stiff paste. To this add 20 pounds of finely pulverized 98 
per cent caustic soda and stir vigorously. {n a few moments the mass 
becomes hot, turns brown, and then boils up and becomes liquid. As 
soon as the violent boiling has ceased add enough water to bring up to 
20 gallons and strain into a barrel that can be kept tightly.corked. 
For covering cut places use 1 part of this stock preparation to 1 part 
of water. The roots may be sprayed with 1 part of stock solution to 
10 of water.! All these solutions should be kept in wooden or glass 
vessels and should not be allowed to come in contact with metals. It is 
possible that any of these applications will prove of benefit even if the 
diseased spots are not cut out. In this latter case, however, care should 
be taken to saturate the bark of all diseased spots with the solution. 
3. When the diseased trees are old and closely set, so that the ground 
is much shaded, every other tree should be removed and replanted in 
a new grove. 
4, Avoid highly nitrogenous organic fertilizers in diseased groves, 
using preferably nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammonia as a source of 
nitrogen. 
5. All tools used in infected groves should be cleaned and washed 
with crude carbolic acid before they are used in healthy groves. 
6. In setting new groves dead trees should be replaced with trees 
budded on sour orange stock.? 
7. Avoid excessive and deep cultivation in diseased groves. Injuries 
to the roots, such as are often caused by deep plowing, seem to greatly 
favor the spread of the disease. 
MELANOSE.? 
Melanose, which in some groves is causing considerable damage, was 
first brought to the attention of the writers in November, 1892, by 
Mr. J. A. Barnes, who sent specimens to us from Citra. It apparently 
attacks all citrous fruits, but develops somewhat more freely on the 
grape fruit than on the other varieties. It is known to affect the grape 
fruit, common sweet orange, sour orange, lemon, mandarin, and Sat- 
suma. The disease develops most freely on young, rapidly growing, 
vigorous shoots. It resembles to some extent the injury produced by 
the rust mite, and was for a time confounded with this disease. Its 
1Two quarts of the stock solution to 50 gallons of water makes a very effective rem- 
edy for rust mite, and 1 gallon to 50 gallons of water for the six-spotted mite. 
2Sour stock does better than sweet on low, wet hammock lands, and as well on 
flatwood land. For high, dry lands grape-fruit stock may be used, since sour stock 
does not do well and grape fruit is almost exempt from foot rot. 
3From the Greek yeAac, black, and vococ, disease. 
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5122—No. 8 
