6 



prices it means a distinct loss to the owner if such material is left on 

 the ground. At the expense of a good deal of labor thrown away in 

 testing, this class of timber was carefully picked up. In just such a 

 case as this/ where expense has constantly to be balanced with avail- 

 ability at the mill, was shown the utility of inspection. A thoroughly 

 posted man was on the ground every two or three weeks during the 

 logging season to explain requirements, settle doubtful points, and 

 keep things up to tone. That this paid for itself was perfectly evident. 

 If ordinary logging was costing $4 per thousand, it might cost half as 

 much more to pick up the windfalls and dry timber, a fact which told 

 in the average cost of the whole cut. And yet at that figure there 

 was a margin on even low-grade lumber, while much of the material 

 gained was as good as the best. As a matter of fact, the rate of 

 profit on all this class of stuff was larger than that on the main output 

 of many other industries, while the amount saved the company would 

 have made a handsome business for many lumbermen. 



An idea of results of this system maj be gathered from the follow- 

 ing table, which shows for six logging camps the actual amount of 

 merchantable timber cut and left on the ground. In order to ascer- 

 tain what the waste was, the writer for two winters went systematic- 

 ally over all the roads cut from these six camps, noting every de- 

 parture from the standard of economy prescribed. It will be seen 

 that the total loss and waste in 15,600,000 feet cut was 250,000 feet, 

 or 1.47 per cent. Much of this, too, was unavoidable. It would have 

 cost more than the stuff was worth to get it. The gross gain from 

 inspection alone, without reference to any written orders, is believed 

 to have been at least 1,000,000 in 15,600,000 board feet, which, in a 

 cut of 70,000,000 feet, would represent a stumpage value of $25,000. 



Table 1. — Waste in logging. 



Camp No. 



Total cut. 



Stumps 

 and tops. 



Logs 



cut and 



left. 



Poles 

 left. 



Lodged 

 trees. 



Stand- 

 ing dry 

 timber. 



Down 

 and up- 

 rooted 

 trees. 



Sure to 

 blow 

 down. 



Total 

 waste. 



Per- 

 cent- 

 age of 

 cut. 



1. 



Feet. 

 2,000,000 

 2, 400, 000 

 3, 400, 000 

 3,400,000 

 2, 500, 000 

 1,900,000 



Feet. 



Feet. 

 1,000 

 2,300 

 5,400 

 1,900 

 2,200 

 100 



Feet. 



100 

 1,400 

 6,000 

 2,000 

 5,500 



300 



Feet. 



266" 



6,000 

 1,100 

 2,000 

 1,200 



Feet. 

 500 

 6,500 

 3,500 

 1,000 

 4,200 

 3,000 



Feet. 



6,300 

 10, 000 

 27,000 

 10,600 

 10, 300 



4,600 



Feet. 

 4,200 

 7,500 

 17, 100 

 4,000 

 6,000 

 2,800 



Feet. 

 12, 100 

 39, 500 

 100, 000 

 22,000 

 60,700 

 15, 000 



0.6 



2. . 



11,600 

 35,000 



1,400 

 30,500 



3,000 



1.7 



3 



3.0 



4 



0.7 



5 



2.3 



6 . 



0.8 







Total.. 



15,600,000 



81,500 



12,900 



15, 300 



10, 500 



18, 700 



68,800 



41, 600 



249,300 



1.5 



Thus the fuller utilization of material was not brought about in 

 the office or by any other short and easy method, but by frequent 

 and thorough inspection in the woods, by bringing the foremen up 

 to time, and holding them in their turn to very careful oversight of 

 their crews. 



fCir. 1311 



