13 



indeed such strenuous measures did not appear necessary. Certain 

 things could be done, however, which were both profitable and prac- 

 ticable. These were: (1) To at once direct the regular logging oper- 

 ations into the heavily infested valleys, taking crews when necessary 

 from those free of insects; (2) to locate in each valley that was being 

 logged, the stands of insect-killed timber, and, when they were within 

 reach, to cut them ahead of the green timber; (3) wherever it would 

 pay, to begin special operations to get out the dead timber, with 

 such other material as it would be necessary to take with it. 



To carry out these measures, however, required persistence and 

 great labor. The company was very cautious about changing the 

 principles which had guided its operations, and when its consent to 

 a change was secured came the work of carrying it out on the ground. 



Yet the remedial w T ork indicated was in large measure carried out, 

 and the dead and infested timber was put through the mill, though 

 the work was not done with either the promptness or the thorough- 

 ness that would have been desirable. However, much of value to 

 the company and to the region was accomplished. Much valuable 

 timber was rescued from decay, and insect depredations were reduced 

 to insignificant proportions. What this saved the company is very 

 hard to estimate. Certainly it was more than $100,000. But what- 

 ever the saving, the credit for it must lie with the application of 

 forestry. 



To-day there is little danger from insects on the tract. The larger 

 colonies of beetles were taken out by the logging, and the wood- 

 peckers and other enemies of the insects keep the lessened numbers 

 in check. Moreover, the region has learned and digested an impor- 

 tant lesson. Probably twenty woodsmen understand thoroughly 

 the work of the beetle in all its practical bearings. From now on 

 they will be on the watch, and serious trouble, if it should appear, 

 will not escape them. It is safe to say that if the tract remains 

 under continuous management, no serious damage from this source 

 will ever occur again. 



TIMBERLAND MAPS. 



One of the greatest needs of the company was an adequate system 

 of maps. Thorough first-hand knowledge of its vast holdings was 

 too much for one man to acquire and retain. Spread out as they 

 were, over hundreds of miles of territory, the most efficient manage- 

 ment was necessary if things were to be kept moving, without loss 

 of time or materials. 



The whole extent of the timber resources of a property must be 

 •really grasped and subjected to intelligent control. There is such a 

 thing as handling a country to good or to bad advantage from the point 



[Cir. 131] 



