54 FOREST RESOURCES OE TEXAS. 



eastern Mississippi and Tennessee, southeastern Missouri, western and 

 northwestern Kentucky, southern Illinois, and southwestern Indiana. 



Red juniper, red cedar (Sabina virginiana (Linnaeus) Antoine). 



The red cedar occurs in the alluvial valleys of the Brazos, Red, San 

 Bernard, and other rivers. Here it grows in mixture with dense hard- 

 wood timber and shrubbery. Most of the better timber has been 

 removed. What remains is being marketed as piling and telegraph 

 poles. From Columbia, near the San Bernard brakes, about 100,000 

 cedar poles were marketed in 1900. Sticks large enough for piling 

 are rare. The short, even sticks are sold for lead-pencil stock. The 

 heartwood is a dull red. 



Range. — Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to Florida, and west in 

 Ontario to Dakota, central Kansas, and Indian Territory. The Rocky 

 Mountain and western red cedar, hitherto called Juniperus virginiana, 

 is a distinct species. 



Mountain juniper (Sabina sabinoides (H. B. K.) Small). 



The species occurs on limestone hills, often where very little soil 

 exists. Its characteristic occurrence is in impenetrable brakes. The 

 tree branches profusely from the ground, hence clear timber is rare. 

 The wood is extremely durable and finds very general use as posts, 

 poles, ties, sills, fences, and for all sorts of construction, and for fuel. 

 The leaves are small and more compactly arranged than in the red 

 cedar; bark of branches mottled with white and dark patches; wood 

 brown in color. It is the most valuable tree of the semiarid hill 

 country of Texas. 



Range. — Especially abundant in the hilly Edwards Plateau country 

 of central Texas, but also found on rocky hills and bluffs northward 

 toward the Red River, and southwestward and westward as far as 

 beyond the Pecos, and probably into Mexico. . 



One-seed juniper (Sabina monosperma (Engelmann) Small). 



Occurrence in western Texas is not well defined. 



Range. — From the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado 

 southward into western Texas, and from southern Utah to central New 

 Mexico and Arizona. 



Alligator juniper, thick-bark juniper (Sabina pachyphloea Antoine). 



This juniper is found in moderate abundance in the Guadalupe, 

 Davis, and Eagle mountains. It has a trunk from 1 to 2 feet in diam- 

 eter, but is seldom more than 10 feet high. The wood is reddish, close- 

 grained, and very hard and durable. 



Range. — The tree occurs in southwestern Texas and westward on 

 desert ranges of New Mexico and Arizona south of the Colorado River 

 Plateau, in the mountains of northern Arizona, and in Mexico. 



