60 FOEEST RESOURCES OF TEXAS. 



The live oak here has usually a short, thick trunk and very broad 

 crown. The trunk diameter reaches 5 and 6 feet, and the crown spread 

 over 100 feet. 



Range. — From Virginia, on islands and near the coast, to and through 

 southern Florida and along the Gulf coast to western Texas. Also in 

 Lower California, southern Mexico, Central America, and Cuba. 

 Small mountain live oak (Quercus fusiformis Small). 



A form of Virginia live oak growing upon rocky, semiarid hills in 

 the Cretaceous areas of central Texas. 



Emory oak (Quercus emqryi Torrey). 



Abundant in some of the canyons and along the southern base of 

 the Davis Mountains, and forms the exclusive arboreal growth of some 

 of the canyons of the Chisos Mountains. In the former habitat it 

 is a handsome tree, with tall, straight stem, 1 to 3 feet in diameter. 

 In the Chisos Mountains it seldom exceeds 12 inches. The wood is 

 hard and valuable as timber and fuel. 



Range. — Mountains of western Texas and of New Mexico and 

 Arizona south of the Colorado plateau, and the 'mountains of north 

 Mexico. 



Texas red oak (Quercus texana Buckley). 



The occurrence of the Texas red oak in this State is undetermined. 

 It is the tallest and perhaps the largest of oaks. 



Range. — The Mississippi Valley States from Iowa to Texas. The 

 mountain form in Texas has been separated as Querents schneckii Britton. 

 Mountain Spanish oak (Quercus schneckii Britton). 



This is the most common oak in the Edwards Plateau region of Texas. 

 It is a small tree, 5 to 10 inches in diameter and 20 to 30 feet high, 

 occurring on the more stable slopes and hilltops. It often forms dense 

 timber on sides of gorges, where b}^ collecting much debris it aids the 

 formation of rich soil, which it prevents from being washed away. 

 The wood is good for posts and rails. It is much in demand locally 

 for fuel, and all of the sizable trees are being cut. Acorns are 

 produced in abundance, and young timber readily establishes itself. 



Spanish oak (Quercus digitata (Marsh.) Sud worth). 



This is believed to be the very common red oak of the sandy uplands 

 in the shortleaf belt in east Texas. At Glendale and Nacogdoches, for 

 example, it is very abundant and of large size, with very wide spread 

 of crown. Its maximum height of 100 and diameter of 6 feet is closely 

 approached here, though the average is smaller. The wood is heavy, 

 very hard, strong, not durable, coarse-grained, and checks badly in 

 drying. It is light red in color — the sapwood lighter. It is used for 

 cooperage, construction, and very largely for fuel. The bark is rich 

 in tannin. 



