> Ruby Mountains of Nevada, and the moun- 
western Wyoming. Through much of its range 
ristic of timberline, where it often forms dense 
is distribution is still not fully known. Many 
it grows are relatively inaccessible, and in the 
id southeastern part of its range it is often confused 
rus flexilis. The cones of the two species differ, but 
yecause of similarities in most other features there is con- 
siderable uncertainty about their relative distribution in areas 
of overlap. 
\ ditional sources: 
Published—Ayres 1900a (Mont.), 1900b (Mont.) ; Bailey 
and Bailey 1941; Bedwell and Childs 1943 (Wash.) ; Leiberg 
1897 (Idaho), 1900b (Oreg.), 1900c (Idaho), 1904a (Mont.) 
1904b (Mont.) . 
File report—‘Blister rust occurrence survey in the Mar- 
ble Mountains, Klamath National Forest’ by Benton How- 
ard, October 4, 1956. Forest Service, Region 5, San Francisco, 
Calit. 
Unpublished—T. C. Brayshaw and A. E. Porsild 1964 
(B.C.); J. F. Franklin 1963 (Oreg. and Wash.); J. R. Grif- 
fin 1963 (Calif.); F. D. Johnson 1963, 1964 (Idaho); O. V. 
Matthews 1964 (Calif.); H. Weaver 1963 (Wash.) . 
’ 
SUBSECT. STROBI Loud. 
Pinus strobus L. MAP 6 
eastern white pine 
Pinus strobus L., Sp. Pl. 1001. 1753. 
Eastern white pine ranges from Newfoundland through 
southern Canada to southeastern Manitoba, through the Lake 
States south to Iowa and Illinois, and throughout much of 
northeastern United States, south in the Appalachian Moun- 
tains to northern Georgia. A discontinuity of more than 
1,200 miles separates it from a southern variant usually called 
Pinus strobus var. chiapensis Martinez. This Middle Ameri- 
can white pine grows at low and middle elevations in south- 
ern Mexico and Guatemala. 
Additional sources: 
Published—Aguilar 1961 (Guatemala) ; Crespo 1963 
(Pue.); Haddow 1948a and 1948b (Ont.); Miranda and 
Sharp 1950; Sharp 1946 (Guatemala); Standley and Steyer- 
mark 1958 (Guatemala); Wagner 1962 (Chis.) . 
Unpublished—T. C. Brayshaw and A. E. 
(Canada); B. Hallberg 1964 (Oax.). 
Porsild 1964 
Pinus monticola Dougl. MAP 6 
western white pine 
Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don in Lamb., Descr. 
Genus Pinus. Ed. 3 (8°), v. 2, unnumbered page between 
paletand pe lao 832. 
Western white pine ranges from southern British Colum- 
bia to northern Idaho, northwestern Montana, and eastern 
Oregon, and south through the Cascade Mountains to the 
southern end of the Sierra Nevada, Calif. It is separated from 
the closely related Pinus strobus by more than 1,000 miles. In 
the northern part of its range P. monticola nearly reaches sea 
level in places, but in the Sierra Nevada it is a high-elevation 
tree. Early reports of this species in the mountains of south- 
o California (Sudworth 1908) apparently were the result 
mnfusion with either P. flexilis or P. lambertiana. 
Additional sources: 
Published—Ayres 1900a and 1900b (Mont.); Baker 1951 
(Oreg.); Leiberg 1900a (Mont.), 1900b (Oreg.). 
Unpublished—R. T. Bingham 1964 (Idaho); T. C. Bray- 
shaw and A. E. Porsild 1964 (Canada); J. F. Franklin 1964 
(Oreg.); J. L. Jenkinson 1963 (Oreg.); F. D. Johnson 1964 
(Idaho); O. V. Matthews 1964 (Oreg.); R. Schmidt 1964 
(B.C.) ; C. A. Wellner 1964. 
Pinus lambertiana Dougl. MAP 7 
sugar pine 
Pinus lambertiana Dougl., Linn. Soc. London Trans. 
15: 500. 1827. 
Sugar pine ranges from western Oregon through the 
North Coast Range of California, the Sierra Nevada, and the 
mountains of southern California, with outliers in the Santa 
Lucia Mountains of west-central California and the Sierra 
San Pedro Martir of northern Baja California. 
Additional sources: 
Published—Baker 1956 (Oreg.); Goldman 1916 (Baja 
Calif.); Langille et al. 1903 (Oreg.); Leiberg 1900b (Oreg.); 
Ornduff and French 1958 (Oreg.). 
Unpublished—B. K. Ford 1963 (Calif.); J. F. Franklin 
1964 (Oreste) Re Griffimel9o7 (Callie) ss )reks: Jenkinson 1963 
(Calif. and Oreg.); O. V. Matthews 1964 (Oreg.) ; W. I. Stein 
1964 (Oreg.). 
Pinus flexilis James MAP 8 
limber pine 
Pinus flexilis James, Exped. Rocky Mts. 
RPA OO AUSAR: 
Limber pine ranges through the Rocky Mountains from 
southern Alberta and British Columbia to northern New 
Mexico, extending west through the mountain ranges of the 
Great Basin to southern California, western and northern 
Nevada, and eastern Oregon. It grows at high elevations 
through much of its range, but in Canada and the northern 
United States it is often confined to the prairie margins at 
the lower edge of the forest zone. It may be more widespread 
than the map shows on the poorly-known mountain ranges of 
the Great Basin. In the northern and western parts of its 
range it is often confused with Pinus albicaulis. It overlaps 
and to some extent intergrades with P. strobiformis at the 
southern edge of its range. Its southern limits are based on 
information provided by J. W. Andresen and R. J. Steinhoff 
from an unpublished investigation of variation in these two 
species (see below). 
Additional sources: 
Published—Ayres 1900a and 1900b (Mont.); Bacigalupi 
1933 (Calif.); Bailey and Bailey 1941; Douglass and Douglass 
1955 (Colo.) ; Goodding 1923 (Nebr.) ; Howell 1951 (Calif.); 
Leiberg 1904b (Mont.); Peck 1947 (Oreg.); Potter and Green 
1964 (N. Dak.). 
Theses—S. J. Preece, Jr. 1950. Floristic and ecological 
features of the Raft River Mountains of northwestern Utah. 
M.S. thesis, Univ. Utah, 103 pp., illus.; Raphael J. Steinhoff 
1964. Taxonomy, nomenclature, and variation within the 
Pinus flexilis complex. Ph.D. thesis, Michigan State Univ., 81 
pp. illus. 
Unpublished—]. W. Andresen 1963; W. H. Baker 1961 
(Idaho); R. T. Bingham 1963 (Mont.); T. C. Brayshaw and 
A. E. Porsild 1964 (Canada); W. C. Bullard 1963 (Calif) ; 
D. B. Coombs 1963 (Alta.); W. C. Cumming 1963 (Nev.); 
Margaret M. Douglass 1962 (Colo.); L. W. Hoskins 1963 
(Nev.); F. D. Johnson 1964 (Idaho); O. V. Matthews 1964 
(Idaho); M. A. McColm 1963 (Nev.); R. A. Read 1964 
(Nebr.). 
