FOREST ADMINISTRATION 
The Federal Forest Service was created in 1944 
in the Ministry of Agriculture, and the execution of 
the Forest Code placed under its jurisdiction. In 
1954 the objective of the Forest Service, as set forth 
by official decree, was to resolve silviculture problems; 
to protect forests and apply the code; to study 
methods of soil conservation and headwaters pro- 
tection; to determine conditions under which estab- 
lishing forests. parks, reserves, and demonstration 
areas will be beneficial: and to study all aspects of 
the botany and technology of forest species and the 
economic possibilities of forest products. The decree 
legally constituted an elaborate organization with a 
director and seven sections, one of which was 
designated to supervise the work of regional inspec- 
torates (fig. 30). 
In 1958 the Forest Service consisted of only a 
skeleton technical staff of 39, of whom only | was a 
graduate of a foreign forestry school, 8 had domestic 
forestry training, and the others were agronomists. 
No substantial changes have been made since then. 
The regional inspectorates which have been estab- 
lished generally consist of only one man. Forest 
supervision, in practice, is delegated to State forest 
organizations and local political authorities. 
The Federal Forest Service concentrates its activi- 
ties on the promotion of reforestation. It maintains 
12 forest nurseries in various parts of the country 
(5 of them in the Northeast) and distributes the 
planting stock free or at cost to public and private 
landowners. In 1960 the total area reforested was 
estimated at between 700,000 and 1 million acres. 
Most of this area is located in the southern and 
Paulo far in the lead. 
In 1958 the northern regional office of the Federal 
Forest Service distributed 110,000 trees for planting, 
of which 38,400 were planted near Belém, and it 
eastern States, with Sao 
planned to produce 10,000 mahogany trees annually 
for distribution in the State of Para. 
Most States maintain small forest services which 
The 
forest service of the State of Sao Paulo. established 
in 1896, is much larger than the Federal Forest 
Service, has a staff of paid forest guards, and main- 
are independent of the Federal Forest Service. 
tains 1] forest nurseries, located generally on State 
forests. 
Forest management has been practiced for many 
years by several private companies which maintain 
The Paulista 
Railroad Co. pioneered the introduction of eucalyptus 
to Brazil in 1910 and has since reforested extensive 
areas. 
their own forestry organizations. 
It also established a study area near Rio 
Claro in the State of Sao Paulo where it tested the 
introduction of many exotic tree species. Among 
other companies that have been prominent in forest 
management and reforestation are two in Minas 
Gerais, the Belgian Mining & Metallurgy Co. and 
the Itabira Special Steel Co.; one in Parana, the 
Klabin Pulp Co.; and one in Sao Paulo, the Sao 
Ministry of Agriculture 
Federal Forest Service 
Protection 
Section 
Botanical 
Garden 
Development 
Section 
(Regional 
Inspectorates) 
Statistics, 
Documentation 
and 
Promulgation 
Section 
Federal 
Forest 
Council 
National Parks 
and Forests 
Research 
Section 
(Forest 
Nurseries) 
Technology 
Section 
Section 
(Library) 
General Systematic 
Botany 
Section 
Applied 
Botany 
Section 
Botany 
Section 
Office of 
Supply 
Transportation 
Division 
Workshops 
Figure 30.—Forest Service organization as constituted by law. 
FORESTS AND FOREST INDUSTRIES OF BRAZIL 
41 
