28 



THE FOREST EESOUECES OF THE WORLD. 



of an acre per inhabitant. The state forests are divided into three 

 classes: Permanent state forests (or reserved forests), protected 

 forests, and unclassed forests. 



The reserved forest forms only 9.5 per cent of the total land area. 

 In the following table are given the areas of the different classes of 

 government forests in the various provinces : 



Table 7. — Government forests of India, in square miles, under the control of the forest 



department June 30, 1903. 



Proviaces. 



Total 

 area. 



Reserved. 



Protected. 



Unclassed. 



Total. 



Percent 

 of land 

 area un- 

 der forest. 





152,453 



105.165 



97,223 



162,-530 



104.170 



48,961 



1,582 



13.276 



2.646 



9.403 



3,143 



6,014 



4,048 



2,456 



20,039 



22,672 



3,778 



410 



234 



142 



208 



156 



3,567 



30 

 4,909 



4,033 



77 



1,914 



103,174 



4 



. 18,509 



121 



13,614 



4,155 



9,279 



123,213 



22,676 



22,287 



570 



234 



148 



208 



1.951 



8.9 



United provinces of Agi-a and 



Oudh 



Punjab ' 



Burma 



3.9 



9.5 



75 8 



Central provinces and Berar 



Assamp 





21 8 





45.5 



Coorg 



Northwest frontier province 



39 



36.0 

 1 8 



Ajinere 





6 



5 6 







2.2 



Andaman 



■ 



1,795 



62.1 









Totals: 



700,552 



144,389 

 122,883 



60,157 

 17,923 

 13,487 



8,545 



129,633 

 1,636 



198,335 

 39.559 

 14.807 



28.3 



Madras - 



13.5 



Bombay 



1,320 



12 











967,824 



91,567 



9,865 



131,269 



232,701 



24.0 



(rranr] total (arrfts) 





58,602,880 



6,313,600 



84,012,160 



148,928,640 











COMPOSITION, 



The composition of the Indian forests is entirely different from that 

 of the United States or of Europe. The forests are almost exclusively 

 hardwood, although some are evergreen and some deciduous. The 

 evergreen forests are found mainly along the west coast of the penin- 

 sula, in coast districts of Burma and Chittagong, and along the foot 

 and lower slopes of the eastern Himalayas. The deciduous forests are 

 found in the central part of the peninsula and of Burma and contain 

 the most valuable timber trees, such as teak, sal, sandalwood, red 

 Sanders, ironwood, padouk, and others. Conifers' (pine, firs, and 

 deodar) are found at the higher elevations in the Himalayas. 



ANNUAL CUT AND GROWTH. 



The total cut for 1905-6 amounted to 239,250,000 cubic feet, of 

 which 171,500,000 cubic feet was in the form of fuel. Besides this 

 there were also cut 210,000,000 bamboos. If this cut be divided by 

 the total forest area, the cut per acre would be extremely small, 1.6 

 cubic feet; this figure does not really represent the true cut, however, 

 because it is referred 'to an enormous forest area, of which only a 

 comparatively small portion i's actually utilized. TThen the cut is 

 referred to a definite area, the cut per acre is much larger — for exam- 

 ple, in Bengal, in the year 1899-1900, from an area of 5,707,800 acres 

 there were obtained 7,340,000 cubic feet of saw timber, 34,566,000 

 cubic feet of firewood, and 21,000,000 cubic feet of bamboo, or, in aU, 



