64 EUCALYPTS CULTIVATED IN THE UNITED STATES. 
Climatic requirements. —This species grows well in the coast regions 
of California, but, so far as known, it has not been tested in the dry, 
hot valleys of the interior, or other similar situations. In Australia 
it ascends to an elevation of 4,000 feet, and is therefore a promising 
species for the mountains of the Southwest. 
Uses. —TVhe tree furnishes a hard, tough wood used by wheelwrights, 
by boat builders, and for general building purposes. It is very dur- 
able in the ground and is consequently useful for railroad ties, for 
posts, and for other purposes in underground situations. It also 
makes an excellent fuel. 
Eucalyptus gunnii. 
CripER EUCALYPT. 
Characteristics. —The tree is usually not a tall one, but in some sit- 
uations in Australia it is said to rise to a height of 250 feet. No trees 
growing in the Southwest, however, give promise of attaining a great 
height, though some of them are already 60 feet high. The trees are 
sometimes crooked and irregular in growth. In alpine regions they 
are said to be mere shrubs. The bark of the trunk is usually rough 
and brownish, and is continually flaking off, leaving the outer part 
smooth. The branches are usually smoother. The foliage is denser 
and darker than that of many Eucalypts, frequently being confined to 
the ends of the branches, however. ‘The leaves of the young trees are 
roundish, and opposite on the stem (see Pl. LX XXIV, pb.), and those 
of the adult tree are scattered and lance-shaped. They are usually 
shiny and more or less stiff. The flowers are of medium size and the 
seed cases usually nearly top-shaped. (See Pl. U-XIII.) 
Climatic requirements.—This species grows well near the coast and 
for some distance inland. It is a very hardy species, and, since in 
Australia it grows to an elevation of 4,000 to 5,000 feet, it ought to 
succeed in elevated regions of the Southwest. It endures fairly well 
the summer heat of the interior valleys, and during winter grows 
thriftily, even though the temperature fall to 20° F. each night. 
Uses.—The tree does not furnish an especially useful timber. When 
it grows straight it is used by artisans for many purposes, and it also 
makes a fair fuel. It is a very promising species as a forest cover for 
mountain situations not subject to high summer temperatures. The 
sap of the alpine form of the tree is said to be used by the aborigines 
of Australia for making a kind of cider. 
Eucalyptus hemastoma. 
WHITE GUM. 
Characteristics.—This is a tree of medium size, being usually erect 
and symmetrical inform. The bark is commonly smooth, but is some- 
times rough and persistent. The leaves are thick, usually lance-shaped 
