PRINCIPAL SPECIES OF EUCALYPTS GROWN IN AMERICA. 83 
tree 24 years old was measured that had a circumference of 16 feet 
(and therefore a diameter of over 5 feet) 2 feet from the ground, 
and an approximate height of 100 feet. (See Pls. XLVI, XLVII, 
XLVI, XLIX.) The surface of the bark varies considerably in 
appearance. That of the trunk and main branches is commonly per- 
sistent, but from some trees long, slender, strips are shed, leaving the 
trunk smooth and of a greenish or reddish creamy color. The per- 
sistent bark is brownish in color, furrowed, and rough. The bark of 
the branches in nearly all cases flakes off, leaving them smooth. This 
tree has the peculiar characteristic of exuding a honey-like substance, 
called ‘‘lerp” by the natives, but better known as ‘‘manna,” when 
the bark is punctured or wounded by insects. 
The small branches, which are reddish, commonly droop considerably, 
sometimes giving the tree a willow-like appearance. The leaves of the 
young plant and of suckers are stemless, slender pointed, with broad 
bases, and placed opposite on the stem. On the older trees they are 
‘narrower, pointed at each end and set on stems. According to Baron — 
von Mueller, the sap of the leaves is rich in sugar, there being over 13 
per cent in them when dry. The flowers are of about medium size, on 
rather slender stalks. There is considerable variation in the number 
of flowers in each cluster. On some trees the flowers are quite uni- 
formly in clusters of 3, but on others they are in clusters of 3 to 7. 
This variation in the inflorescence in conjunction with the variation in 
bark structure makes the species somewhat difficult to recognize. The 
covering of the flower buds is approximately cone-shaped, usually the 
shape of a low, broad cone. ‘The seed cases are top-shaped, or nearly 
globular, the valves of those that have dropped their seeds protruding 
conspicuously. (See Pl. LX XX.) 
Cimatic requirements.—This Eucalypt grows under quite a variety 
of climatic conditions. In the Southwest it thrives near the coast, on 
dry mesas, in the elevated valleys of the interior, and in the hot valleys 
of much of the desert region. It endures minimum temperatures of 
15° to 20° F.,and maximum temperatures of 110° to 115° F. Thrifty 
specimens can be seen in the vicinity of San Francisco, Santa Barbara, 
and Los Angeles, Cal., at Yuma, Ariz.,and near Phoenix, Ariz. (See 
Pls. XLVI, XLVI, and XLIX.) 
Uses.—The timber of this tree is less valuable than that of most 
Eucalypts. Itis not durable underground and does not make the best 
of fuel. In Australia it is used for shingles and for rough building 
material. ‘The tree can be grown for a forest cover, for wind breaks, 
for fuel, and for shade in many localities where a species producing a 
better timber can not be grown; but there are probably few situations 
where this. tree can be grown in which a more desirable tree, such as 
the Red Gum (/ucalyptus rostrata), can not also be grown. 
