constraints are placed on the rate at which 

 Strategy E can be applied to non-Federal forest 

 ecosystems. 



5. The trend in the location of future grazing 

 will be significantly indicated by the costs of 

 grazing among ecosystems. 



6. Strategy X (exploitative management) is 

 not acceptable and was arbitrarily excluded 

 from further consideration as a management 

 option. 



7. The changing intensity of management 

 requires the relocation of investment. The rate 

 at which investment shifts can occur is limited. 



SUMMARY 



The Nation has set out to maintain a high 

 standard of living that includes both quantity 

 and quality of economic and social goods. Ra- 

 tional planning and analysis requires a sys- 

 tematic set of concepts and procedures, selected 

 on the basis of the objectives to be satisfied. 

 The maintenance of standards, both now and 

 the future, requires planning of resource use 

 in an efficient manner because the basic re- 

 sources are limited. Projected demands must be 

 related to the resources available in order to 

 determine the mix of inputs required to achieve 

 the desired mix of outputs. 



Analytical procedures and analytical tools 

 were developed for use in this task. These pro- 

 cedures include the assessment of demands, the 



measurement of the productive capacity of the 

 resource, and the trade-offs between outputs. 

 The analytical tools include accounting systems 

 to handle the mass of resource and cost data, 

 and a linear programming code capable of ac- 

 cepting a variety of externally derived con- 

 straints. 



The use of these concepts and tools plus the 

 addition of carefully structured program alter- 

 natives provides an operational system of 

 analysis. In the following chapter the analytical 

 system is applied to the demands, costs, capaci- 

 ties, and constraints related to the forest-range 

 environment. 



REFERENCES 



Council of Economic Advisers. 



1972. Economic report of the President, An. Rpt. 

 U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Wash., D.C. 

 Council on Environmental Quality. 



1971. Environmental quality. Second An. Rpt. U.S. 

 Govt. Printing Office, Wash., D.C. 

 Hadley, G. 



1963. Linear programming. Addison-Wesley Pub- 

 lishing Co., Inc. 

 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research 

 Service. 

 1968. Generalized agricultural production analyti- 

 cal system. (Revised December 1969.) 110 p. 

 processed. McDonnell Automation Company. 

 National Goals Research Staff. 



1970. Toward balanced growth: Quantity with 

 quality. Report of the National Goals Research 

 Staff. Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing 

 Office, Wash., D.C. 



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