CHAPTER I 

 Origin and Early History of Breeds of Dairy Cattle 



It is important in any consideration of a breeding problem to have 

 a firm grounding in the mode by which the breed originated. A 

 review of the early history of the dairy breeds will reveal : 



1. Origin of the parental stock. 



2. Probable inbreeding which took place. 



3. Chances for homozygous and heterozygous stock. 



4. Breeding measures adopted which would be likely to influence 

 color, type, milk yield, and butter-fat percentage. 



5. Other points of importance to breeding problem. 



Review history of formative period of the different breeds from 

 this point of view. The opportunity is a good one for bringing out 

 the judgment of the student in making a critical unbiassed review. 



REFERENCES 



Numerous sources of information will suggest themselves to the instructor. 

 Cole, L. J., and Jones, L. V. H. 1920. The Occurrence of Red Calves in Black 



Breeds of Cattle, Wisconsin Bulletin 313, for critical review of the Hol- 



stein-Friesian breed's origin. A review of this is given in Chapter I 



of M. S. 

 Youatt, William. Stock Raising Manual, brings out important points 



concerning the early breeder's ideals. 

 Wallace, Robeet. 1907. Farm Live Stock of Great Britain, Edinburgh, gives 



a brief review of all the breed histories in so far as the British Isles 



influenced them. 

 Wilson, James. The Evolution of British Cattle and the Fashioning of the 



Breeds. 

 Sanders, J. 1887. Breeds of Live Stock and the Principles of Heredity, 



Chicago. 



The early herd books of the breed associations and the informa- 

 tion which may be obtained from these associations furnish other 

 sources of data for the study of breed origin. Credit is to be given 

 for all other sources of information which you are able to find. 

 Write a 500-word paper on this subject for the breed chosen using 

 as your guide the five points indicated above. Have the reference 



9 



