216 Pecan-Growing 



All botanists agree that the hickories should be separated 

 botanically from the walnuts. In 1818, Nuttall founded the 

 genus Carya, using the ancient Greek name for the walnut. 

 The pecan he called Carya olivoeformis, bringing down the 

 name from Michaux's Juglans olivcefonnis (1803), the appel- 

 lation being given in allusion to the olive-shaped fruit. But 

 under all current rules of nomenclature the older name Pecan 

 must displace olivceformis, and the combination becomes Carya 

 Pecan, 



In 1838, Eafinesque published the name Hicoria for the 

 genus, adopting the American Indian name of these trees, 

 although he did not publish any species. In 1817, he had used 

 Hicorius, and in 1808 the name Scoria. The word Scoria is 

 apparently an error and Hicoria was undoubtedly intended. 

 Under the genus Hicoria, the pecan becomes H. Pecan, 



So it comes that the hickory genus is called Carya by some 

 botanists and Hicoria by others. In the lists adopted by the 

 International Botanical Congress held in Vienna, in 1905, 

 the names of Rafinesque are rejected and Carya adopted. This 

 practice is followed by European authors in writing of these 

 American plants (Schneider in his standard ^^Handbuch der 

 Laubholzkunde" used Hicoria in the body of the book, but 

 changed it to Carya in the addendum to the same volume), 

 and in this country by the Gray Herbarium of Harvard 

 University, as in Gray's Manual, latterly by the Arnold 

 Arboretum of Harvard University, as in the current edition 

 of Sargent's ^^ Manual of the Trees of North America" and 

 Eehder in Bailey's '* Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture," 

 by Bailey in his ^^ Manual of Cultivated Plants," and by 

 others. To them the pecan is Carya Pecan, this combination 

 having been made by Ascherson and Grsebner in 1910. The 



