Botanical Classification and Varieties of the Pecan 217 



other name, Hicoria, is used by the New York Botanical 

 Garden, as in Britton's Manual and his ''Trees of North 

 America,'' in Britton and Brown's ''Illustrated Flora of the 

 Northern States and Canada," in Small's "Flora of the 

 Southeastern United States," by the United States Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, by the recent "Standardized Plant 

 Names, ' ' and by others. To them the pecan is Hicoria Pecan, 

 this combination of names having been made by Britton, in 

 1888, although Sargent used the name Hicorius Pecan, in 1889. 



The genus Hicoria or Carya is divided into two groups, Pa- 

 cania, the "open bud" hickories in which the winter bud- 

 scales do not cover the tiny leaf forms completely, and Euhico- 

 ria, the "closed bud" hickories, in which stout scales com- 

 pletely close the buds in winter. The pecan tree belongs in 

 the "open bud" group of hickories. Its relation to the 

 other common hickories as w^ell as to the native walnuts is 

 shown in the accompanying chart (see page 218). 



All the Juglandacese are aromatic trees with scaly buds and 

 compound unequally pinnate leaves, the leaflets increasing in 

 size from the lowest upwards. The flowers are monoecious, 

 opening after the unfolding of the leaves, and are on the pre- 

 vious season's growth; the staminate flowers in long slender 

 catkins composed of a 3- to 6-lobed calyx, adnate to an acute 

 bract, with numerous stamens inserted on the inner and 

 lower face of the calyx in two or several rows, with short 

 distinct filaments and oblong anthers opening longitudinally ; 

 the pistillate flowers in a terminal spike on the branch of the 

 current season's growth, composed of a 1- to 3-celled ovary, 

 a 1- or 4-lobed calyx inserted on the ovary, a short style with 

 2 stigmas, stigmatic on the inner face, and a solitary erect 

 ovule. The fruit is a nut inclosed in an indehiscent or 4- 



