32 General Biology 



4. Teratology (Gr. teras=wonder) the study of malformations 

 and monstrosities in organisms. 



II. Physiology. The Study of Functions. 



1. Physiology Proper (Gr. physis=nature) the functional rela- 

 tion of part to part and to the whole. 



2. Ecology (Gr. oikos=house) relation of the individual to 

 its whole surroundings, or the study of its environment. 



3. Pathology (Gr. pathos=suffering) the study of disease. 

 This study also belongs under microscopic anatomy in that disease makes 

 many changes in the actual structure of the cells and tissues. 



III. Distribution. 



In Space (Geographical Distribution, often called Zoogeography 



in so far as it affects animals). 



In Time (Paleontology [Gr. palaios=ancient-|-onta=beings] ; 

 also called Paleozoology, in so far as it affects the study of fossil remains 

 of animals). 



IV. Economic Zoology or Botany, the study of everything living in 

 so far as it touches human welfare. 



V. Classification, or Taxonomy (Gr. taxis=arrangement+nomos= 

 law), the grouping of plants and animals according to likeness or rela- 

 tionship. 



VI. Psychology (Gr. psyche=mind or soul), the study of the 

 mind. 



VII. Sociology (L. socius=companion), the study of animal 

 societies and their relation of each member of the society to the other. 

 This relationship is sometimes said to be due to the so-called Herd 

 Instinct. 



VIII. Genetics (Gr. genesis=birth), the science "which seeks to 

 account for the resemblances and differences which are exhibited among 

 organisms related by descent." 



f Heredity, 

 Individual : 1 Environment, 



| Education, \ Instruction, 



^ Einiibung or training. 



Racial: Archeology (Gr. archaios=:ancient), the study of 

 ancient findings to ascertain the cultural state of man at different epochs. 



IX. Biometrics (Gr. bios=life+metron=measure), the statistical 

 study of life's events or happenings so as to be able to gauge how often 

 these same events are likely to take place in the future. 



