Simple Plants 



215 



Fig. 105. Actinomyces Bovis. 

 (After Rivas.) 



Parasite producing actinomycosis (lumpy- 

 jaw). Actinomyces bovis, also called 

 nocardia actinomyces, nocardia bovis, strep- 

 tothrix actinomyces, streptothrix israeli, 

 oospora bovis, cladothrix actinomycoses, 

 and bacterium actinocladothrix. 



Nocardiosis. The parasites (Fig. 

 105) resemble bacteria, on one hand, 

 and on the other the hyphomycetes 

 or molds, by forming branching, 

 thread-like filaments, and by producing 

 fine conidia. They represent a 

 transition between bacteria and the 

 lower fungi. The results of infection 

 are similar to tuberculosis or multiple 

 abscesses. Three cases have appeared 

 as abscesses of the brain. 



Mycetoma or Madura disease. 



This disease is found principally in 

 India, though it does occur in other 

 parts of the world. There are great 

 swellings of the foot, generally on the 

 sole, nodular growths and multiple 

 abscesses. Black, brownish, or yellow 

 granules are formed, one micron in 

 diameter. 



A variety of 

 Streptothrix (Fig. 

 106) has been found 

 in the pale colored 

 granules, closely re- 

 sembling actinomy- 

 ces. Most observers 

 seem to hold that 

 this Streptot hrix 

 madurae and Acti- 

 nomyces are distinct 

 species. From the 

 variety having black 

 granules, a hypomy- 

 cete has been grown, 

 which is closely 

 allied to Asper- 

 gillus. 



non-bacterial fungi 



are 



Fig. 106. Madurella Mycetoma. (After Brumpt.) 



In medicine, all diseases caused by any 

 sometimes called Mycosis. 



It is worthy of note that medical men, being mostly interested in 

 disease, take similar appearing lesions as their basis for classifying 

 organisms, while biologists classify organisms according to structure 

 and development, often with little reference to what disease such organ- 

 isms may cause. 



