The Honey Bee and the Fly 



361 



The most anterior ganglia in the thorax innervate the muscles of 

 the first pair of legs, while the posterior thoracic ganglion is larger and 

 composed of several ganglia which have grown together. From the 

 fore part of this latter ganglion, nerves run to the fore wings and middle 

 pair of legs, while twigs from the posterior portion of this same ganglion 

 pass to the hind wings and legs. 



The organs and walls of the abdominal region are supplied by twigs 

 from the various abdominal ganglia; but, as with most animals, the more 

 posterior abdominal ganglia are the larger. 



The stomatogastric portion of the nervous system is composed of 



tferv&s io 



^ upper mouth parts 

 ^Frontal 

 ganglion 



-Ani&nnal n&rvz 

 "—Optic n&rue. 



-lateral ganglion, 

 (paired) 



Drain — -^vv 



Lal&ral 



ganglion 



(paired) 



l&curr&nl _ 

 n&rue, 



Fig. 235. 



A. Nervous system of honey-bee, at a., and of 

 its larva, at b., showing the simple type of the larva 

 and the specialization in the adult due to fusion of 

 the ganglia. (From Sanderson and Jackson, "Ele- 

 mentary Entomology," by permission of Ginn & Co.) 



Nerua io 

 -- salivary 

 glands 



Stomachic 

 ganglion 



B. Sympathetic nervous system of 

 an insect, diagrammatically represented. 

 (After Kolbe.) 



C. Nervous system of the head of cock- 

 roach, a., antenna! nerve; ag., anterior later- 

 al ganglion of sympathetic system; b, brain; 

 d., salivary duct; /., frontal ganglion; h., 

 hypopharynx; /., labrum; li., labium; m., 

 mandibular nerve; vnx., maxillary nerve; nl., 

 nerve to labrum; nli., nerve to labium; o., 

 optic nerve; oc, oesophageal commissure; oe., 

 oesophagus; pg., posterior lateral ganglion of 

 sympathetic nervous system; r., recurrent 

 nerve of sympathetic system; s., suboeso- 

 phageal ganglion. (After Hofer.) 



many small ganglia which are in 

 direct connection with the organs 

 of digestion, circulation, and respira- 

 tion, while the sympathetic nervous 

 system is made up of the many 

 fibers which pass to all parts of the 

 body from the triangular ganglia 

 lying in each segment. 



ORGANS OF SPECIAL SENSE 



These have already been dis- 

 cussed very thoroughly under the 

 general term, 'The Senses of In- 

 sects," in Chapter XXIII. 



