392 General Biology 



1800 Cuvier, founder of modern comparative anatomy; wrote "Le 

 Regne animal," 1817. 



1800 Bichat, founder of modern histology. 



1801 Lamarck invented a scheme for the evolution of animals (by 



conscious effort and inheritance of acquired characters; not 



proved). 

 1801 Treviranus introduced the name "Biology" as distinguished from 



"botany," "zoology," "physiology," "anatomy," etc. 

 1804 Humboldt studied distribution of plants. 

 1807 Rumford, Count, demonstrated absorption of carbonic acid by 



plants. 

 1811 Bell, Charles, discovered motor and sensory nerve roots; founder 



of modern neurology. 

 1818 G. St. Hilaire pointed out unity of plan in animals. 

 1823 Von Baer discovered the law of embryological development; (all 



higher forms pass through somewhat similar forms to lower 



ones in the embryological period). 

 1830 Brown described cell nucleus. 

 1833 Miiller, Johannes, founder of modern comparative physiology. 



Wrote Handbuch der Physiologie des Menschen. 

 1835 Dujardin studied protoplasm. 

 1838 Schleiden discovered the cell as unit of structure in plants. 



1838 Schwann discovered the cell as unit of structure in animals. 



1839 Agassiz wrote on fresh-water fishes. 



1841 Helmholtz discovered rate of nerve impulse. 



1853 Mohl studied protoplasm (living substance). 



1857 Pasteur, founder of bacteriology; studied fermentation. 



1858 Darwin reported his work upon the origin of species by natural 



selection and applied evolution to man. 



1858 Wallace reported his work upon the origin of species by natural 

 selection. 



1858 Virchow worked out cellular pathology; founder of modern cellu- 

 lar pathology. 



1861 Schultze, Max, established protoplasm doctrine. 



1863 Huxley wrote "Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature." 



1863 Lyell wrote "The Antiquity of Man." 



1865 Sachs studied structural botany. 



1865 Mendel, founder of modern genetics; discovered the law of 

 heredity. 



1867 Lister worked out aseptic surgery. 



1875 Galton studied inheritance. 



1875 Hertwig, O., studied fertilization. 



1880 Koch proved the relation of bacteria to disease. 



1880 Laveran discovered malarial parasite (in the mosquito). 



