Price index (1984 = 100) 
350 
300 
250 
200 
150 
100 
50 
1990 2000 
Economic opportunities on private 
_-timberland, cropland, and pasture 
2010 2020 2030 
Figure 4.18—Projections of softwood pulpwood stumpage price indexes in the Southeast region, with and without utilizing 
the economic opportunities on private timberland, cropland, and pasture 
Implementing the economic opportunities to increase tim- 
ber supplies on timberland would involve the conversion of 
substantial areas of present mixed pine—hardwoods and up- 
land hardwood stands to pine plantations. As a result, net 
annual hardwood growth and inventories are reduced. By 
2030, for example, the hardwood inventories on private tim- 
berlands are 29 percent, or some 28 billion cubic feet, be- 
low the base projections. 
The reduction in hardwood net annual growth and inven- 
tories causes fairly large increases in the prices of hardwood 
sawtimber stumpage. The increases are largest in the 
Southeast, where by the end of the projection period they 
are 62 percent above the base level. These higher stump- 
age prices in turn are reflected in higher prices for hard- 
wood lumber and in lower lumber demand and production. 
Hardwood lumber production in 2030 is nearly a half bil- 
lion board feet below the base projection. Hardwood pulp- 
wood consumption, both roundwood and plant byproducts, 
is also reduced. 
226 
As a result of the increase in softwood lumber production, 
employment in 2030 in the lumber and wood products in- 
dustry is up by 36,000 people over base employment. 
Wages and salaries in the industry show a proportional rise. 
Investments in plants and equipment are also up 
substantially. There is little change, however, in 
employment, wages and salaries, and investments in the pulp 
and paper products industry. By 2030, State and local gov- 
ernment revenues are $38 billion above the base, with most 
of the increase in the Southeast. 
Increased Management Intensity on Forest Industry 
Timberlands in the Douglas-fir Region 
The above simulation shows the impacts that flow from 
utilizing the economic opportunities to increase net annual 
timber growth in the South. It also indicates that nearly all 
of the economic opportunities to establish pine plantations 
on industry lands are already in the base projections. This 
in turn reflects the fact that the experts who developed the 
