reduced timber growth; the smallest drop is associated with 
planting pine on marginal cropland and pasture combined 
with implementing the economic opportunities on private 
timberland. 
Finally, the analyses show that it takes large changes in 
the factors affecting timber demand or supply to significantly 
alter the upward trends in prices and the declining trends 
in employment. But large changes can be accomplished. For 
example, if all the economic opportunities to increase net 
annual growth timber on timberland were utilized and 
marginal cropland and pasture were planted to pine, as 
described in chapter 5, net annual timber growth could in 
time be increased by 5.3 billion cubic feet. This is enough 
timber to sustain the forest industries in the South and em- 
ployment and wages and salaries. 
As described in the following chapter, continued increase 
in timber growth in the South can be achieved, and it can 
be achieved economically. The rates of return on the invest- 
ments necessary to implement the opportunities to increase 
net annual growth would be comparable to the longrun aver- 
age in the private sector. But achieving the potential will 
require an expansion in the public and private programs of 
technical and financial assistance, protection, research, 
education, and management that goes far beyond anything 
experienced to date. 
i) 
Ww 
am) 
Literature Cited 
Joint Council on Food and Agricultural Sciences. 1984. Reference 
document: needs assessment for the food and agricultural sciences; 
Washington, DC: Joint Council on Food and Agricultural Sciences. 
328 p. 
Haygreen, J.; Gregersen, H.; Holland, I.; Stone, R. 1986. The eco- 
nomic impact of timber utilization research. Forest Products Journal. 
36(2): 12-20. 
Skog, K.; Haynes, R. 1987. The stumpage market impact of timber 
utilization research. Forest Products Journal. 37(6): 54-60. 
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1982. Analysis of the 
timber situation in the United States, 1952-2030. For. Resour. Rep. 23. 
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 
499 p. 
