Figure 27. — Where lumber was produced in 1953. Nearly all lumber 

 sawed in the southern part of the State was hardwood; in the north, 

 hardwoods including aspen made up about 40 percent of the cut. 



\me Pulp Mills in 1953 



Nine pulp mills produced about 4U0,00U tons oi" 

 paper products, employed an estimated 8,000 persons, 

 exclusive of woods workers (fig. 28), and turned out 

 products worth about $110 million. 



The plants at Brainerd, Grand Rapids, Little Falls, 

 and Sartell are ground wood mills, and the pulp goes 

 mainly into printing, writing, drawing, and hanging 

 papers. One mill at Cloquet and one at International 

 Falls (fig. 29) use both mechanical and chemical 

 (principally sulfite) processes, the output going into a 

 wide variety of papers. 



A second mill at Cloquet and one at International 

 Falls grind wood for building board and several types 

 of cushioning or insulating felts. A mill at St. Paul 

 pulps hardwoods by a semichemical process for use in 

 manufacture of boxboard. A board mill at Duluth 

 uses mechnical means to fiberize the wood, with the 

 product going into hard board. 



The estimated cut of pulpwood in 1953 was equiva- 

 lent to 74,602,000 cubic feet of growing stock, which is 

 48 percent of the total removed for all products. 

 Only 12 percent of the timber cut for pulp was of 

 saw-log size, while approximately 5 percent was 



obtained from limbs, cull trees, and other forms of 

 salvage. 



About 70 percent of tlir jjulpwood cut was from 

 softwood growing stock, 30 percent from hardwoods, 

 primarily aspen. Most was cut in the northeastern 

 division (fig. 30). 



Approximately two-thirds of the pulpwood har- 

 vested was consumed in Minnesota mills. The re- 

 maining one-third went to Wisconsin and Alichigan 

 (fig. 31). On the other hand, Minnesota mills ob- 

 tained a substantial amount of pulpwood from 

 Canada, so total consumption was equivalent to about 

 80 percent of production. 



Feiv Veneer Mills in Stale 



The veneer industry is relatively small in Minnesota. 

 Of 9 mills, only 1 at Grand Rapids is engaged in 

 making better grades of veneer. The other eight, 

 mostly in the southern part of the State, peel local 

 hardwoods for cheese and berry boxes, egg crates, 

 and bee supplies. 



About 8 million board-feet of veneer logs and 1,000 

 cords of heading stock were cut in Minnesota in 1953. 

 One-fourth was consumed by local mills while three- 

 fourths was shipped to mills outside the State, pri- 

 marily in Wisconsin and Michigan. About 90 per- 

 cent of the veneer logs cut came from farm woodlands 

 in the southeastern and western divisions. Approxi- 

 mately 75 percent of the veneer logs produced went 

 to standard veneer mills in the Lake States region, 

 and 25 percent to container mills. Nearly all of the 

 veneer logs were hardwood, a few hundred board-feet 

 of white pine being the only softwood included. 

 Basswood was the leading species with 38 percent, of 

 the total veneer log production. Other species used 

 were elm, cottonwood, maple, oak, and birch. 



Other Mills Mainly Lalh and Shingle 



One cooperage plant, one match and clothespin 

 factory, and 25 lath and shingle mills completed the 

 list of primary wood-using plants found in 1953 (figs. 

 32 and 33). These plants used nearly 3 million ctibic 

 feet of wood in 1953. Aspen and paper birch were 

 the species most widely used. 



Much ]Vood Goes for Fuel 



More wood \vas cut lor fuel in 1953 than for any 

 other product. The estimated fuelwood cut of 82.7 



Minnesota's Forest Resources 



27 



