40 STUDIES ON APPLES. e 
which previously had been sound now began to decay. It is suggested 
that the two conditions may be due to the same cause; that is, the loss 
of vitality of the apples may have exposed them to decay and rot, or 
at least made them less resistant to rot, and at the same time may have 
led to slower changes in the composition of the fruit. As has been 
suggested in other connections, the apparent retarding in the ripening 
process may have been due to the greater susceptibility to decay of 
the ripest apples, and consequently to an increase in the percentage of 
the relatively greener apples on each successive examination. 
THE RESPIRATION OF APPLES IN COMMON AND COLD STORAGE. 
On October 20, 1902, a barrel of Ben Davis apples, grown at South 
Onondaga, N. Y., was secured for respiration experiments. 
DESCRIPTION OF APPARATUS AND METHODS EMPLOYED. 
Three stone jars of the form shown in figure 11 were secured as 
containers. These jars were the ordinary glazed stoneware chlorin 
Fic. 11.—Jar used in respiration experiments. 
generators with stoneware covers having a ground joint. As shown in 
the illustration, the jars were arranged to afford the passage of a slight 
current of air. A guard tube of soda lime, then a drying tube of eal- 
cium chlorid, and then a tube of moist pumice stone were connected in 
series before the apparatus. The last-named tube was for the purpose 
of moistening the air which passed through the apparatus, as the pas- 
sage of a dry current of air would desiccate the apples and cause them 
to shrink abnormally. The tube of calcium chlorid just before the 
pumice stone was used in order that by repeated weighings of the latter 
the amount of water carried over into the jar with the current of air 
might be determined. Connected in series after the generator were 
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