35 



The following month Mr. Fremd sent other specimens, all old females, 

 and offered as a surmise as to the cause of their occurrence on his place 

 the suggestion that they were very similar to bark-lice which he had 

 noticed four or five years previously on some Chinese azaleas which he 

 had procured from a New Jersey nursery, and which ultimately died, 

 perhaps from the effects of the remedies applied for the Ooccids. 



This information unfortunately put us on the wrong track, and, sup- 

 posing that it might be a new Chinese insect, we allowed otlier more 

 important matters to intervene. 



Iu June, 1887, this insect was sent to the Department again by Mr. 

 John G. Jack, who found it at Cambridge, Mass., on the bark of Ulmus 

 fulva (Slippery Elm). In Professor Eiley's absence we wrote Mr. Jack 

 the facts which had come to our notice, and that the species was unde- 

 termined in the collection of the National Museum and the Department 

 of Agriculture, and advised him to send specimens to Professor Corn- 

 stock, who was studying the group critical^. A month later Mr. Jack 

 wrote that he had followed our advice and that Professor Comstock 

 reported that the species was undetermined, that it had been in his col- 

 lection for some time, and that the previous winter he had found that it 

 occurred abundantly on some elm trees in New York City. 



In the summer of 1888 Mr. Jack .sent other full-grown specimens, 

 and the same summer it was found upon several elms in the grounds of 

 the Department of Agriculture, at Washington, by Mr. W. B. Alwood. 

 In the fall of 1888 we found it also upon Ulmus americana in two local- 

 ities in the streets of Washington. Up to this date only old females 

 had been found, and these presented much the appearance of Eriococcus 

 azalece Coinst.,* except that the white, somewhat ribbed excretion is not 

 continuous over the back, but is abundant around the sides, curling up 

 over the back and leaving the central portion brown and bare. 



April 29, 1889, Mr. Jack sent to the Department some bits of bark 

 and small limbs carrying non-impregnated females, male cocoons, and 

 just-issued males, and, as Professor Eiley was again unfortunately ab- 

 sent, this time as representative of the Department to the Paris Expo- 

 sition, we undertook some further study of the species from Mr. Jack's 

 material, and from that found in Washington had careful drawings 

 made, and had little difficulty in determining that the insect was iden- 

 tical with the European Gossyparia ulmi Geoffroy, described by Sig- 

 noret in the Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France for 1875, 

 page 21, and which occurs commonly upon TJlmus campestris in Europe. 

 According to Signoret, alni Modier, farinosus De Geer, spurius Modier, 

 and lanigera Gmelin are synonyms of this species. The specific name of 

 the first-mentioned synonym would indicate that the species also occurs 

 upon Alnus, and indeed Signoret states that he has collected it in the 

 Bois de Boulogne on Alder. 



* This was probably the scale which Mr. Fremd noticed upon, his Chinese Azaleas 

 and which he confounded with his Elm Coccids. 



