37 



separated from the waxy cushion and is easily removed from it (even 

 jarring will accomplish the removal), leaving the noticeable empty white 

 cup with its fringed edges. (See Fig. 2.) 



Fig. 2. — Gossypakia ulmi: a, adult female from below; b, adult female from side; c, adult female 

 from above — all greatly enlarged; d, empty waxy cusbion; e, females in natural position — enlarged; 

 /, shrivelled females — natural size (original). 



The male presents a puzzle, aud neither Mr. Jack's observations nor 

 our own have solved it. The active form 

 with wing pads issued some days before 

 fully-fledged males were noticed. Speci- 

 mens under observation in Washington 

 were observed to copulate in this condi- 

 tion. The antenna are ten-jointed, the 

 joints well separated; the wings are repre- 

 sented by pads of varying length. The 

 poisers appear rather thick and fleshy, 

 but lack the terminal hook. The abdo- 

 men is very stout, suboval, considerably 

 broader than the thorax, and when seen 

 from above covers coxae, trochanters, and 

 bases of the femora. Its segments are not 

 well marked. (See Fig. 3.) 



A few days after this form makes its 

 appearance the cocoons begin to give out 

 the perfect males, which issue with wings fully expanded. (See Fig 



Fig. 3.— Gossyfaria ulmi: Imperfect 

 male — greatly enlarged (original). 



