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a valuable notice and warning to English millers in her last report. During the past 

 summer it has been brought to my notice as a most serious pest in one of our Cana- 

 dian cities. The outbreak was so serious that our provincial government of Ontario 

 took the matter in hand, and through Dr. P, H Bryce, the secretary of the provin- 

 cial board of health, have just issued a bulletin upon its operations, appearance in 

 the different stages, and the means which have been adopted to eradicate it before it 

 spreads further. This bulletin, which is written in a manner which will be under- 

 stood by every one, is most timely, and will, I believe, be attended with very bene- 

 ficial results. 



The milling interests of America are, however, so enormous that it becomes impor- 

 tant to make known its appearance here as soon as possible, so that prompt action 

 may be taken immediately a new occurrence takes place. 



The following extracts from Dr. Bryce's bulletin will show the gravity of the case. 

 The first is condensed from the account given by the firm in whose mill the insects 

 were observed. 



11 The first appearance of the Flour-moth we remember seeing was during the month 

 of March, 1889. The moth was seen flying about in the basement of the mill, but 

 little attention was paid to it. In April there was an appearance of a few moths on 

 the different floors of the mill, even at the top. In the month of May we were troubled 

 with a few worms in some of our goods, and in June more of them appeared. In 

 July they increased rapidly. About the middle of July we shut down for a day or so ; 

 took the clothing from our bolting reels and cleaned it and washed the inside thor- 

 oughly with soft lye soap and lime. We did the same with the elevators. When we 

 started up again every corner and part of the mill had been thoroughly cleaned, as 

 we supposed, and we commenced to work again; but after about four days we found 

 our bolting reels, elevators, etc., worse than before. They were literally swarming 

 with webs, moths, and worms, even inside the dark chambers of the reels. We shut 

 down again and made a more thorough cleaning by washing, etc. While this was 

 going on we found there was no use to try and clear ourselves of the pest, as the mill 

 walls, ceilings, cracks, crevices, and every machine was completely infested with, 

 moths, cocoons, and caterpillars, and there was no use going on." 



Eventually the firm had to vacate their premises and build a new mill. 

 Dr. Bryce continues upon page 11 of the Bulletin, after detailing its habits, as fol- 

 lows : 



" From the foregoing it will be apparent that the moth may not only be transported 

 from one place to another in any one of its various stages, but that search for its 

 presence in any one or all of these must be made where its presence is suspected. It 

 will at once be seen how great are not only the dangers of its transmission from one 

 mill to another and one locality to another, but also how many are the difficulties 

 attaching to its detection, while as yet only a few individuals may have been intro- 

 duced into a warehouse or mill. With what rapidity the Ephestia kiihniella develops 

 under favorable conditions, nothing will better illustrate than the correspondence of 

 a sufferer therefrom already published. When it is stated that a large warehouse, 

 some 25 feet wide, 75 feet long, and four stories high, became literally alive with moths 

 in the short course of six mouths, while thousands upon thousands of the cocoons 

 were found adherent to the walls, joists, posts, ceilings, and in every nail-hole, cracks 

 in floors, partitions, machinery, and furniture throughout the whole building; while 

 in sample boxes of cardboard, in small and large bags, in flour stored anywhere 

 throughout the building, it was abundantly present, it will be uuderstood what millers 

 have to expect to encounter if they neglect the most vigorous measures to destroy the 

 first moths which at any future time may appear on their premises. To illustrate 

 further the difficulty of overcoming the pest, ouce introduced, it may be stated that 

 several men have been at work in the building from which our correspondent has 

 removed his machinery, for over a fortnight in burning all woodwork, as flooring, 

 fixtures, etc., sweeping down walls and destroying the rubbish, the walls thereafter 





