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FUMIGATING AT NIGHT NOT NECESSARY. 
It is now claimed by a careful experimenter at Los Angeles that 
fumigating orange trees in the daytime with hydrocyanic acid gas is 
- just as efficacious as fumigating at night, if sufficient care is exercised 
in preparing the chemicals. For this information we are indebted to 
the California Fruit Grower of September 26. 
HEMLOCK DAMAGE BY THE LARCH SAW-FLY. 
~ The newspapers during the past summer have contained many items 
concerning the great damage done to hemlock timber in Elk and Potter 
counties, Pa., by an insect which causes the tops of the trees to turm 
brown over large areas. The insect has recently been determined:as 
the Larch Saw-fly (Nematus erichsonit), a full account of which is given 
in our Annual Report for 1883, pp. 138-146. Its appearance upon Hem- 
lock in such destructive numbers in Pennsylvania is entirely new, and 
considerable damage is to be feared. Nothing satisfactory has been 
suggested in the way of remedies which are applicable in the forest on 
alarge scale. Spraying with the arsenites is the best that can be done. 
Such extraordinary multiplication of this species is, however, usually 
tollowed by corresponding diminution, and it will be encouraging for 
the Pennsylvanians who are interested in the lumber and tanning in- 
dustries to remember that since the great destruction caused by this 
insect in Maine in 1881~82 it has not attracted so much attention. 
A CLEMATIS ROOT-BORER. 
(Acalthoé cordata.) 
In Garden and Forest for October 21 Mr. J. G. Jack has an interest- 
ing article on this Sesiid root-borer in the roots of Clematis, accom- 
panying it by a series of handsome figures from the pencil of Mr. C. E. 
Faxon. The insect was originally described by Harris in the American 
Journal of Science for 1839. Mr. Jack reared it in 1890 from an old 
plant of Clematis virginiana in the shrub collection of the Arnold Ar- 
boretum at Cambridge. The moth emerged July 23. The eggs, he 
States, are deposited soon after the issuing of the moths, and larvee of 
various sizes are found the following June. The male moth is remark- 
able for possessing an orange anal tuft about as long as the abdomen. 
According to Harris, the insect feeds upon the common wild Black Cur- 
rant in addition to the Clematis, in the former case living within the 
stems. Mr. Jack has not, however, found it in this plant. 
