235 
only negative results. The author also records some interesting facts 
concerning retardation of development. On April 25, 1889, he received 
a sack of barley screenings from the 1887 harvest, and out of 100 pu- 
paria he found in 15 still living larve. These were shriveled, but upon 
being placed in damp sand they apparently entirely recovered, and on 
May 9 a perfect male insect issued. Others appeared from June 3 until 
July 2, some females being among those last appearing. From this ob- 
servation it appears that the insect may rest two years in the puparium. 
This is confirmatory of what we have published on the subject and has 
an important bearing upon the argument advanced by Wagner, Hagen, 
and others, to the effect that the length of the journey would have pre- 
cluded the introduction of the insect by the Hessian troops during 
the Revolutionary War. The paper is illustrated by a handsome plate 
showing the larva and pupa in different stages of growth and illustra- 
tipg the manner in which the larva turns beneath the leaf sheath. Mr. 
Enock concludes his paper with a strong plea for the establishment of 
a Government Bureau of Entomology, and pays INSECT LIFE, as well 
as the Division from which it emanates, some very high compliments 
for which we beg to thank him. 
Bacteria normal to digestive Organs of Hemiptera,*—In this article Prof. 
S. A. Forbes announces the interesting discovery that certain cecal 
appendages of the small intestine which are always present in the 
higher Heteroptera are invariably filled with bacteria which do not 
occur in other portions of the body. These ceca were first noticed by 
Léon Dufour, who called them “ cordons valvuleux,” and vary in num- 
ber, shape, and disposition. They are well furnished with tracheal 
branches and connect freely with the interior of the intestine. Prof. 
Forbes has found them in the Lygeide, Coreidze, Pentatomide, and 
Corimelenid, but failed to find them in the Capside, Nabide, Redu- 
viidee, and Aradide, and generalizes to the effect that they are found 
in the higher Heteroptera and are absent in the lower, while in those 
intermediate in the scale they may be present in one genus and 
absent in another. The bacteria found belong to the species known as 
Micrococcus insectorum. Where they were most abundant (as in the 
case of dying Chinch Bugs) the epithelium of the ceca was completely 
disorganized, only the basement membrane remaining. The structure 
and arrangement of the ceca in several of the genera examined are 
carefully described in this paper, but the author states that he has no 
present desire to speculate concerning the meaning of the bacterial con- 
tents of the organs, and offers this paper simply as a preliminary ac- 
count of the several investigations upon which he is now engaged, and 
* Article I, Bulletin of the Ulinois State Laboratory of Natural History, vol. Iv., 
_ pp. 1 to6. 
