170 Rowland M. Shelley 



The gonocoxae are loosely joined by membrane with no trace of 

 a sternal remnant. The coxal macrosetae are in two clusters, one 

 above, and one below, the cannula, and vary in numbers from 2 to a 

 cluster of 8-10. 



Ecology — In Washington, T. levii is restricted to the wet rain 

 forests on the western and southwestern slopes of the Olympic Moun- 

 tains. I did not encounter the milliped in the wettest areas during my 

 1990 field trip, for example around the Hoh Visitor Center, Olympic 

 National Park, because the vegetation is so dense that there are few 

 areas with exposed litter. My success came in slightly drier areas, 

 where T. levii was typically encountered in association with decaying 

 deciduous logs, usually under bark. This contrasts with the situation 

 on Vancouver Island, where I found the milliped in deciduous leaf 

 litter in August 1989 (Shelley 1990). 



Distribution — The western periphery of Vancouver Island, Canada, 

 from the vicinities of Bamfield to China Beach Provincial Park up to 

 3-6 mi (5-10 km) inland, and western Clallam, and western and southern 

 Jefferson, counties, Washington, from Bogachiel State Park to Graves 

 Creek Campground, Olympic National Park. Canadian localities are 

 detailed in Shelley (1990); American localities are as follows: 



WASHINGTON: Clallam Co., Bogachiel St. Pk., M, 6F, 23 August 

 1990, R. M. Shelley (NCSM). Jefferson Co., Hoh rain forest, Olympic 

 Nat. Pk., M, F, 5 May 1991, K. A. Buhlmann (VMNH); along Hoh 

 River Rd. just outside boundry of Olympic Nat. Pk., ca. 7.4 mi (11.8 

 km) E jet. US hwy. 101, 3M, 4F, 24 August 1990, R. M. Shelley 

 (NCSM); along Queets River Rd., Olympic Nat. Pk., 0.6 mi (0.9 km) 

 inside park boundary, M, 4F, 2 juvs., 24 August 1990, R. M. Shelley 

 (NCSM) and 4.8 mi (7.7 km) inside park boundary, M, F, 24 August 

 1990, R. M. Shelley (NCSM); and Graves Cr. Cpgd., Olympic Nat. 

 Pk., M, F, 12 July 1951, H. W. & L. L. Levi (AMNH, FSCA) TYPE 

 LOCALITY. 



Remarks — Among American xystodesmids, the absence of paranota 

 and the cylindrical, nearly julidan body form caudal to segment 4 is 

 unique to T. levii. There are species in which the paranota are reduced 

 and thus appear somewhat cylindrical, for example S. placidus, but 

 no others in which these structures are entirely absent. Consequently, 

 T. levii probably occupies a distinct ecological niche apart from that 

 of the sympatric xystodesmid Harpaphe h. haydeniana (Wood). It is 

 noteworthy that there is much greater variation in body form among 

 the western, or western-related, xystodesmids than in the eastern tribes, 

 for in addition to the cylindrical and subcylindrical T. levii and S. 

 placidus, there are two highly convex species, Isaphe convexa Cook 



