of Plinies Naturall Hiftorie. . | 85 
the world an hearb more fruitfull;infomuch as you hall have one head of a root put forth often- 
times five hundred bulbs or cloves. 
There is befides,a red Lilliewhich the Greeks in their language call Crinon;and fome name 
the floure of it Cynorrhodon. Theexcellent Lillie of this kind groweth in Antiochia and Lao- 
dicea,cities both in Syria: the next to that is found in Phafelis. ln a fourth place,is tobe ferthe 
Lillie growing in Italy. There are befides, purple Lillies, which otherwhiles rife up with a dou- 
ble ftem: thelediffer from the reft onely in the pulpous root which they have; and the fame car- 
rie a greater bulbe in one entire head,andno more: fuch they call Daffodils.A fecond forethere 
is of thefe Daffodils, with a white floute,and a purple cup or bel! within. Herein differ Daffodils 
from Lillies, For that the Daffodill leaves be toward the root, & namely thofe in the beft moun. 
tains of Lycia ; whereas in Lillies they put forth in the ftalke. The third kind agreeth in all points 
w-thchereft, but tharthecup in the mids of the floureis of a grafle green. Bur all the fore of chem 
be late ere they floure; and begin not to blow before the retreat of the ftar Arcturus, and about 
the Anwmne 2 quinox.Butfuch are the monftrous devifes of fome fantafticall fpiritsthatthey 
invented forfooth anewkind of artificiall*colouring and dying of Lillies: forwhich purpofe,in * Jufeiendi. 
the moneth of Luly they gather their {tems, when they begin towither, and hang them up inthe 
fimoke to drie. Now when theknobs or heads of theirroots looke once bare and are fhot out 
from the faid ftalks, (which commonly falleth out in the month of March) they infufe & fteepe 
them in the lees of deepe red wine,or fome Greekifh wine, for tofucke and drinke in the colour 
thereof :which done, they fetthem in litle trenches, whereinto they poure certaine hemines or 
pints of the faid wine :and by this means become the Lillies aforefaid,purple. A ftraunge and 
wonderfull matter; that any root (hould take a tincture fo deepe, as to bring forth. a floure of the 
fae die and colours | 
Cuap. vi 
2& Of the Violet and the Maryeold : of Bachar and Combretum : of 
AXara-Bacca sand Saffroz. 
Nthecthirdranke of floures;bee raunged the * Violets; whereof be many kinds: to wit,the « Nore hae 
purple, the yellow, andthe whtre: Allot them maybefecof plants, likeas woorts and garden bis tn 
pot-hearbs. But of thofe which naturally come up and grow of their owne accord in Jeane i ge a 
grounds,and thofeexpofed tothe Sun; the purple [ March | Violets, they. havea broader leafe echtoour 
than the reft, and thole {pring immediatly ftom the root , wbich is pulpous and fiethie. Thefe Stecke-gillo= 
alone be diftinét from the reft by a Grecke name, and are called * Ia; whereupon purplecloth souertiabic 
is ]:kewife of them named Ianthina. Bur of thofe which are fowne or fet by hand, the * yellow as t> the purs 
bearethe steareft name above all other. Thefe foures be diftinguithed into divers kinds,name- 2° M2" 
ly,intothe Tufculan Violets;and thofe of the Sea,which have a broader leafe but are not fo fweet * "wend. 
as oghers. Some {ell not az all, to wit, the * Calathian Violet with the fall leafe : a foure rhis agg fe 
is that Autuane yeeideth, whereas the reft doe flourifhin the Spring. a * Sommubedt 
Wextiutothe Violet, are the Marigolds, allofone colour, In numberof leaves this floure fora kind of 
-paffech the Sea-violet aforefaid, which never exceederh five: but in recompence of thatdefeét, Hox -gloves 
this Violet goethbeyoud the Marigold in {weet favour, for the Marigold carrieth a {trong fent 
wittiit and an unpleafant, As for the hearb called * Scoparegia, ithath a {mell nothing milder * Whichfome 
than it ; although the Jeaves (ro fay atruth) doe {mell,andnotthefloures. bh sake fon yey 
ep Tee 4 ; ithe ve low Yarrow. 
Bacchar is named by fome Roftick-Nard :this plant hath nothing in it odoriferous and fen- 
ting well, butthe roor. Of which root (as 47iStophancs an auncient Comicall Poét teftifierh in 
one of his Comoedies) they were woont in old time to make {weet perfumes and odoriferous 
compofitions for their ointments ; whereupon fome there be who call the root Barbarica, bit 
f.lfly; for deceived they are. Thefavour that this root doth caft, araweth very neareto the ferit 
of Cinamon,Itloveth a leane and light foile, and in no wife commech up in a moift ground. 
Astouching the hearb nansed Combretum it refembleth the fame very much ; howbeit the 
leaves be paffing {mail and asflender as thteads,but the plant itfelfeis taller than Bacchar.WVel, 
refit we mult nor in the defcription of tbefe hearbs and floures onely, butalfo wee are to reforme 
and cocrect cheir error, who have given to Bacchar thename of Nard-Ruftick : For there is ano- 
chez nearb properly fo called, to wit, that which the Greekesname Afaron, [7; Afara-Bacca, ot 
, I .  Fole- 
