q of Plinies Naturall Hiftorte. 529 
A chiefeand fimply bef, ascomming nextin price to Minium, 7. Vermillon, And in truth, this 
~ Terra Sigillata or Lemnia, was highly accounted of in old time, like asthe Iland Lemnosfrom 
whenceit commerh: neither was itlawfull to fell any of itbefore it was * marked or fealed, and * W') 
thereupon they ufed to call it Sphragis. The painters ordinarily lay a ground of this under their es, Dioft. 
vermillon, and fophifticat it many waies. In phyficke it is holden tobe a foveraigne thing: for if Jah: or of 
the eyes be annointed round about therewith in manner of a liniment, itreprefleth the flux of rs ac: peony’ 
theumaticke humors and doth mitigat the paines incident untothem zthe fiftulous foreslikewife — ~ 
about the angles or corners of the eyes,it drieth up that they fhall norrun as tlicy ufe co doc. In- 
wardly alfo it iscommonly given in vinegre, to fuch as caftup bloud atthe mouth. Iris taken al- 
fo in drinke, for the opilations and other accidents aswell of the {pleene askidnies: and befides, 
B to ftop the exceffive fluxes thatbeincidentunto women, Singular itisagain{t any poifon or ve- 
 nomous fting of ferpents, either upon land or fea; and therefore is a familiar ingredient into all 
antidots or countrepoifons, Of all other forts of red earth, the ruddle of Agyptand Aftricke is 
fitreft for carpenters ; for if they trike their Jine upon timber with it, they thall bee {ure chat it 
will rake colour and be marked verie well. Moreover, another fort there is of this red earth mines 
“rail, found with yron ore, andthe fame is good alfo for painters, There is a kind of ruddlealfo Thus Dalecha= 
made of ochre burnt and calcined in new earthen pots well luted.all over:and the greater fire that |; sie 
it meeteth withall in the furnace, the betterit is.In generall, any ruddle whatfoever is exiccative, cording to 
_inwhichregard ir agreeth well with falves and healing plaftres,and is verie proper for to reprefie 7 'anctrour, 
fhingles & {uch cutanean wildfires that will ftand in drops, Take of Sinopis or Bolearmin com- Thee 
C mon thatcommeth ont of Pontus*halfe a pound,of bright Sil or ochre ten pound, ofthe Greek *Seébraothers 
white earth Melinum two pound; pun them all togither, and mix them well, fo asthey may fer- '445¢* ares 
ment twelve daies togither:and hereof is made Leucophorum, that is tofay, akindof gum or 
fize to lay under goldioile for to guildtimber, 
Touching the white earth Parztoriium,itcarieth the name ofa place in Zeypt from whence 
itcommeth: and many fay,thatitis nothing but the fome of thefea, incorporatand hardnedto. 
gither with the flime and mud of the (hore :and therefore there bee winkles and fuch fhell.fifhes 
found therwith.It is engendred alfo in the Ifland Candie,and the country of Cyrenz.At Rome 
they have a devife tofophifticat ir, namely by boiling fullers earth untill is be of a faft and maflie 
confiftence : the price of the beftis after fix deniers the pound.Of all white colours it is the fatti- 
D eft,& forthatit runneth our fmooth in the working, itis the faftelt parget to overcaft wals withall, 
Asfor theearth Melinam, white itis ikewifesbut the beft is that whichthe fle Melos ‘doth 
yeeld.whereuponittooke that name. In Samos alfo itis to be ford, but painters ufe it not, be- 
caufe it is over-clammie and un@uous. The Iflanders are woont to creepe on all foure andto lie 
along at their worke when they dig it forth of the rocks, for fearch it they muft among the veins 
that ruotherein, Thefame * operation it hath in phyficke that the earth Eretria: allo, ifaman +; 7, gaunds 
touch itwith the congue,he fhall find it aftringent and drying: howbeit,a depilacorie it is in fome bloud, 
fort,and fetcheth away haire,orelfe caufeth itto growthin. A pound of itis worth a Sefterce. 
There is of white colours a third kind,and that is Cerufla or white lead, the reafon and making 
whereof, | have fhewed in my difcourfe of Minerals: and yet there was found of itin the nature 
E ofaverie earth by it felfe at Smyrna,within the land belonging to one Theodorus, wherewith in 
oldtime they tifed tocolour & paint fhips, But in thefe daies we have no other cerufie or Spanifh | 
white but chat which is artificiall , made of lead and vinegre, in manner aforefaid. As touching 
cerufle burnt,the invention thereof came by meere chaunce, upon occafion ofa skare firehap- 
ning in the harbour of Piceeum,which caught the pots and boxes wherein the Athenian dames 
that dwelt by the faid harbor kept their blaunch of cerufle forcomplexion: and this ceruffe thus 
calcined, the firft that ufed in picture was Nucias,ofwhome I have alreadie {poken. The beft that 
we have in thefe daies commeth out of Afia,and for that it enclineth toa purple colour, they call 
it Purpurea: a pound of itis fold for 16 deniers Romane. This alfo is madein Rome, namely by 
calcining Si] or ochre mineral, which ftandeth much upon marble, andthen quenching it with 
F  yinegre,Such ufe the painters make therof thus burnt,that no fhadows willdoe well without it. 
_ Concerning Eretria,anothet kind of white earth,ic taketh the name ofthe place from whence. 
iccommeth, Nicomachus 8¢ Parafivs wfedthis colour much. In phyfick, it is found to be cooling 
and emollitive. Being burnt or calcined, it is an excellent incarnative: fingular good for to drie 
any fore: proper alfo tobe applied to the forhead for ge ge like as,to difcover any feftring 
) Z or 
