of Plintes Naturall Hiftorie. 533 
A familie of the Heractide who alfo was commonly called 4yr/ilws,bought the painted table which: 
contained thebattaile of the Magnetes, and paid for it unto Bu/archws (the painter or workman, 
thereof) as much gold as it came ro in weight. See of what price and eftimation pictures were 
even in thofedaies! And needsiemuft be that this happened abourthatage wherein K.Ronenlus 
lived: forthe {aid K, Candaulesdied in the 18 Olympias; or as fome write, that verie yeere thae 
Romulus departed this life ; at, what time this skill of painting Gf Ibe not much deeeived) was in. 
greatrequefteverie where, and growne alreadie.to.an abfolure pertection «Which bei ng grauns 
ted, as. ofneceffitieit cannot be denied, evidentand apparentitis, that the originall and begin- 
ning ofthis art, was much more auncient :and that thofe painters who ufed one colour andno’ 
morein their plain draughts called Monocromata, (to wit, 7) 2tenon,Dinigs and Charwmas)lived., 
B agoodwhile before, although it be not recorded in any writer in what age precifely they flouri- 
- thed: as aifo that. £4marzs the Athenian painter, who deviled firft to diftinguifh male & female 
in painting ;and befides, undertooke to draw. with his pencillthe proportion and fhape of any 
thing that he faw; togither with Cimon the Cleonzan,whofollowed his fteps, and pra¢tifed his 
inventions, could not chufe but by all congruitie and confequence bee of more. antiquitie than, 
Bularchus aforefaid,or the reigné of Romsulus and Candaules. This Cimon deyiled the works cal- 
led Garagrapha, that isto fay, pourtraiéts and images ftanding byas and fidelong ithe fundrie 
habitsalfo of the vifage and caft of theeye,making them to looke,fome backeward over their 
fhonlders, others aloft,and {ome againe downeward: his cunning it was to {hew in a pidture,the 
___ knitting of themembers ineveriejoynt:to make the veines appeare how they braunched and - 
C {pread: and befides, the firft he was that counterfeited in flat pictures, the plaits, folds, wrinkles, 
and hollow lappets of a garment. Astouching Phanews the brother of P4sdias, hee paintedalfo. 
the bastaile betweene the Athenians and the Perfians,upon the plains of Marathon: for now by 
this time were painters furnifhed in fome fore. with colours, to their purpofe; and the art-was 
growne to fuch perfection, that in the picture refembling the {aid barraile, the full perfonages 
were pourtraied moft lively, ofthe captains on both fides, to wit, Milciades Callimachus, and Cy- 
negyrs,for the Athenians ; Datis alfo and drtapbencs, for the Barbarians or Perfians. 
mi | Cuap. 1X, 
ay om » Pe The Painters that fir entred into contention for towin theprize by their Arte... 
ilerb and who devifedtopaint with the pencil. 
FA AA Oreover, during the rime shat cheabove-named 2aneus flourifhed, there were priles. 
WN propofed at Corinth and Delphos, for.thofe paintérs tliac could win them: andthe firft 
; that ftrived for the beft game, was thefaid Panes, who challen get T ginagora; the Chals 
cidian upon this oceafion, That the fame Tzmagaras had given him the foil before at the Pythian 
gaines : which alfo doth appearé by certain verles compofed by Zimmagoras himfelié as touching 
tharargument,which favour of great antiquitie. WWhereby the errour of Chroniclers beforefaid — 
is manifeftly convinced, who have failed much in the calculauon of the times.Furthermore,be- 
fides thefe painters above rehearfed, othersthere were of great name,and yet all of them before 
 shatnintich Olympiad whereof they write; asnamely, Pol/ygnotvs the Thafian, whowas the firft 
' tbat painted women in gay and lightapparell, with their hoods and other head attire of fundrie 
colours :and.inone word, pafledall others before him in devifes, for the bettering of this, arts 
Hisinvention it was to paint images with their mouths open, to. make them fhew their teeth; 
and imone word,teprefented much varietic of countenance, farre different from the rigorous and 
heayi¢ looke of the vilage beforetime, Ofthis Polygnotws workmanthip,is thatpicture in atable 
witich nowftandeth in the ftarcly gallerie of Pompeis,and hung fometimebetore the Curia or 
Hail that beareth his name, in which table he painted one upon fcaling ladder, witha targuet 
_ dnhis band ;butfoartificially itis done and with, flich dexteritic, thacwholoever looketh upon 
him,cannot tell whether he is climbing up or comming downe, Allthe painting of poll his 
F temple at Delphos, was of thismans doing: whoalfobeautified with pictures, the great gallerie 
~ orwalking place at Athens, which thereuponwas called Poecile:and this he did gratis,8¢ would 
not take one penie for it: whereas Mycon afore|him, painted one part thereof, and was well paid 
for his workemanfhip: which libetall mind of his, wan bim the greater credit and honour be- 
fiddessfor by a decree from thé Amphyétions(who are the lords of the publicke counfell of ftate 
Lz iij in 
