596 
: 
; 
- beaten and driven clofe together, with fand,lime,and {mall cendres well mixed together ;which M i 
a 
~ The fix and thirtieth Booke_ 
t Cuap. xxv. 
PR Sundrie kinds of paved floores and when at firft they began to beufed at Rome, OF 
open terraces paved. Of Greekifh pavements, And the firft invention of 
arched or embowed roufes. : 
*He devife of paved floores arofe firft from the Greeks,who made them with great art,and 
curioufly,in regard of the painting in {undrie colours which they beftowedtherupon. But 
thefe brave painted floores were put downe, when pavements made of ftone and quarrels 
came in place ‘The moft famous workman in this kind,was one Sof#s,who at Pergamus wrought 
that rich pavement in the common hall which they call Afaroton cecon,garnifhed with brickes Hi — 
or {mall tiles enealed with fundrie colours : and hee devifed, thatthe worke uponthis pavement 
fhouldrefemble the crums and {craps that fell from the table, and fuch like ftuffe ascommonly 
is {wept away, asif they were left ftill by negligenceupon the pavement. Among thereft, won- 
derfull was his handiworke there,in pourtraying a Dove drinking,which was fo lively reprefented 
as if the {haddow of her head had dimmed the brightnefle of the water:there,fhould aman have 
feene other Pigeons fitting upon the brim of the water-tankerd, pruning themfelves with their 
bils,and difporting in the Sunnefhine. The old paved floores,which nowalfo are much ufed,ef- 
pecially under roufe and couvert,howfoever they came from barbarouscountries,were in Italie 
firft patted and beaten downe with heavierammers ; aswe may colle&tbythevery nameitfelfe, 
Pavement,which commeth of Pavire, #.coram downe hard. As for that mannerof paving with 1 
{mall tiles or quarrels engraven,the firft that ever was feene at Rome, was made within the tem- 
ple of Jupeter Capitolinum,and not before the third Punicke warre begun.But ere the Cimbrians 
warres began, fuch pavements were muchi taken up in Rome, and men tooke great delight and 
pleafure therein,as may appeare fufficiently by that common verfe out of Lacziss the Poét. 
_ Ante Pavimenta ata emblematavermiculatae te 
Before the pavements checker-wrought in painted Marquetttie,&c. 
Astouching open galleries and terraces,they were devifed by the Greekes,who were wont to 
cover their houfes with fuch. And in truth, wherethe countreyis warme, fuch devifes doe well: K 
howbeit,they are dangerous and deceitfull,where there is {tore of rainand froft.Butfortomake = 
a terrace fo paved, neceflarie it is firft to lay two courfes of bourds or plankes underneath, and 
thote croffe and overthwart one the other :the ends of which plankes or bourds oughtto be nai- 
led, tothe end they fhouldnottwine or caft atofide; which done, take of newrubbifhtwo third _ 
parts, and putthereto one third part of fhards ftamped to pouder, then with other old rubbifh 
mix two five parts of lime,and herewith lay acouch of afoot thicknefle, and bee foretoram it 
hard together.Over which there mutt be laid acoat or courfe of mortar, fix fingers bredth thick: 
and upon this middle,couch broad {quate paving tiles or quarrels; and the fame ought to enter 
at leafttwo fingers deepe into the faid bed of morrer. Now for thatthis floore ot pavementmutt 
rife higher in the top, this proportion is to bee obferved, thatineveryten footit gaine an inch L 
anda halfe, Afrer which,the pavement thus laid is to be plained & polifhed diligently withfome 
hard {tone: and above all regard wouldbe had, that the plankes orbourded floore were made of 
Oke. As for fuch as doe caft or twine any way,they be thought naught.Moreover,it were better to 
lay a courfe of flint or chaffe betweene itand the lime, tothe end, thatthe faid lime might not 
have fo much force to hurt the bourd underneath, Requifitalfoitwerero put underneath round 
pebbles among. After the like manner bee the {piked pavements made of flat tiles & fhards.And 
here muft not forgetonekind of paving more,whichis called Grecanicke, themanner whereof 
is thus: The Greekes after they have well rammeda floore whichthey meane to pave,lay therup- 
ona pavement of rubbith,or elfe broken tilefhards; and then upon it,a couch ot charcoale well 
done,they doe lay their paving {tuffe ro the thicknefle of halfeafoot, butfoeven,astheruleand © _ 
{quare will give it;and chis is thoughrto bea trueearchen paved floore of thebeft making. Burif 
the fame be {moothed alfo with a hard flicke ftone, the whole pavement will feeme allblacke:As 
for chofe pavements called Lithoftrata,which bee made of diverfé coloured fquares — in 4 
| workes, ~ 
va 
