54 Ammonoidea from Pondoland 



The numerous ' Kossmaticeras ' of Pondoland all belong to 

 Madrasites, found only in the Upper Trichinopoly and Lower 

 Ariyalur groups ; and the abundance of these Madrasites is a notable 

 feature of the Upper Senonian deposits of Antarctia and New Zealand. 

 Another form, unknown in the Valudayur group, is Hauericeras? 

 sugata, according to Kossmatt, a characteristic fossil of the Upper 

 Trichinopoly group, and in California, also, occurring only in the Lower 

 Chico group. In India, this form is said to be associated with 

 Madrasites bhavani (Stoliczka), Placenticeras tamulicum (Blanford), 

 Peroniceras dravidicum (Kossmat), and other Upper and Lower 

 Senonian species that are identical with, or resemble, Zululand forms 

 described by the writer ; and the occurrence of the Coniacian in 

 Zululand, as in Madagascar, is undoubted. It may then be assumed 

 that Desmoceratids of the type of A. sugata, Forbes, have a fairly 

 wide vertical range. One of the forms, here described, namely 

 Gen. nov. (Muniericeras?) cricki, no v., equally, greatly resembles a 

 Lower Senonian " Barroisiceras haberfellneri (Hauer) " described from 

 Madagascar, also Muniericeras lapparanti, Grossouvre, and M. 

 gosauicum (Hauer), though comparable species are known from the 

 Californian Upper Chico beds. Finally, an immature specimen of a 

 Gaudryceras is almost indistinguishable from G. sacya (Forbes) auct., 

 recorded already from Zululand, Conducia and Madagascar, and 

 associated in Forbes' original collection (C. T. Kaye Coll. from 

 Verdachellum) with G. buddha, Parapuzosia gaudama and Haueri- 

 ceras? sugata, all preserved in a yellowish gritty sandstone, very 

 different from the matrix of the Valudayur specimens in the Kaye & 

 Cuncliffe Collection. When the writer first saw these doubtful 

 examples in the present collection, at the time of completion of his 

 paper on the Cretaceous Cephalopoda of Zululand, he felt justified in 

 inserting a note to the effect that this new collection from Pondoland 

 included forms possibly of pre-Campanian age, and that the collection 

 arrived just in time to prevent the usual error of considering the beds 

 to belong to one formation, simply because the great majority of forms 

 were of Campanian age. On reconsideration, however, and taking 

 into account the fact that Senonian forms of Gaudryceras, very similar 

 to G. sacya, are known, it would appear that the new evidence is not 

 inconsistent with the assumption of an Upper Senonian (Campanian + 

 Maestrichtian) age for the whole of the Pondoland fauna ; and it has 

 to be remembered that according to Woods, the Upper Campanian or 

 Maestrichtian Pseudophyllites indra occurs in the basement bed of 

 the Pondoland deposit. The presence of non-sequences, of course, in 



