38 INJURY BY SMELTER WASTES. 
investigation showed that a fire swept over this part of the country 
about forty-two years ago, but thousands of trees that were dying 
in the summer of 1908 had grown up after the fire. 
An mspeckion was made up Modesty Creek Valley for a distenes Ons 
about 24 miles inside the National Forest, which is approximately at 
sec. 23, T. 6N., R. 11 W., and about 10 miles from the smelter. From 
this point observations were made for about a mile in a gulch which 
runs south from Modesty Creek Valley and is said to be designated 
as Dry Gulch. The return to Modesty Creek was made by way of a 
bluff which runs to the east of Dry Gulch and to the south of Modesty 
Creek. The lodgepole pines in the bottom of Modesty Creek Valley 
were apparently uninjured, but on the bluffs at the sides of the valley 
the needles were much discolored as far as sec. 23, T. 6 N., R. 11 W. 
In the bottom of this valley large numbers of young firs were partially 
killed, and on the bluffs at each side of the creek all of the red firs 
appeared to be dead or severely injured. On the bluff which ran east 
of Dry Gulch the lodgepole pines were discolored and injured to a 
considerable extent. Practically all of the red firs were dead or 
dying and from the death of the 1908 growth of these trees it appeared 
that the injury from the fumes had been recent. An examination 
for fires showed that none of any great intensity had occurred in this 
forest for approximately forty years. On the whole, the damage to 
both lodgepole pines and red firs in and around this valley was much 
ereater than it was in 1906, when a former examination was made. 
Another inspection was made, going from Deer Lodge up the valley 
of Tin Cup Joe Creek for a short distance inside the National Forest, 
about 19 miles from the smelter. At the entrance to the valley large 
numbers of young red firs in good condition were growing. As the 
trip up the valley was continued to the National Forest large numbers 
of red firs and lodgepole pines in good condition were seen in the bot- 
tom of the valley. On the ridges on each side of the valley the lodge- 
pole pines were uninjured, but some of the older red firs were dying. 
Nearly all of the red firs, especially the younger ones, were in first- 
class condition. On the whole it appeared that this valley was beyond 
the limit of injury to lodgepole pines and at the extreme limit of injury 
to red firs. 
EAST OF THE SMELTER. 
The route taken extended from Anaconda across the northern six 
sections of T. 4 N., R. 9 W., to a point about 114 miles east of the 
Washoe smelter. At the National Forest boundary (sec. 2,T.4N., 
R. 9 W.) only red firs were growing at the foot of the mountains, no 
lodgepole pines being seen. The young red firs at this point showed 
considerable injury, the 1908 growth having been killed, but the 
older trees were in fairly good condition. As the journey was con- 
