Sympotthastia update 45 



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Fig. 4. 5. spinifera from Italy, pupa. Typical of genus. 



2. L simple or bifid on III-VI. Muscle scars dark. Few spines on conjunc- 

 tiva II/III S. sp. (Saether 1969) 



L 3 on II-VI simple. Muscle scars clear. Many spines on conjunctiva II/III 

 S.fulva (Joh.) 



3. L 3 on II-VI usually bifid or trifid and not much finer than the other 

 L-setae. Macrosetae of IX subequally spaced. Shagreen near apophyse of 

 II strongly grouped. Color pale yellow with darker areas . . S. zavreli Pag. 

 L on II-VI fine and usually simple, at most bifid. Anterior macroseta of 

 IX noticeably separate from terminal pair (Fig. 4). Shagreen near the apo- 

 physe of Til weakly grouped. Color of abdomen II-VIII clear-brown with 



darker spines S. spinifera Tosio 



S. macrocera Tosio 



LARVAE 



1. Ventromentum yellow and VmP absent. Mandible with subequal lateral 

 teeth set in as a group. Premandible with 1-2 small lateral teeth. Blade 



fused to mid-A 2 . AS about 1.5X longer than supraanals (fulva-gp.) 2 



Ventromentum smoky colored; VmP present, teardrop shaped. Mandible 

 normal; lateral teeth thorn-like, individual outgrowths. Premandible with 

 about 3 inconspicuous lateral teeth. A appearing less bifid as blade base 

 is nearer to apex of A r AS 2X longer than supraanals (zavreli-gp.) 3 



2. AR 2.2. Head capsule with flecks of chitinous thickening. Alaskan arctic 



S. cf. fulva 



AR 1.5. Head thinly sclerotized. New York S.fulva (Joh.) 



3. AR 2.5. Blade reaching A . Premandible dark and with 2-3 lateral teeth. 

 Ventromentum standing above laterals. LL two nondenticulate plates 



S. zavreli Pag. 



AR 2.2. Blade reaching A 4 . Premandible dark and with 3-4 lateral teeth. 

 First pair of lateral teeth projecting above ventromentum. Two LL, each 

 with about 3 denticulations S. spinifera Tosio 



